Biology eoc review slides

• Internal fertilization


  Provides a protective environment for fertilization to occur
• Internal fertilization


  • It is a greater advantage to an organism than external fertilization
• Stomata


  The main function of stomata in the leaves of plants is gas exchange
• Mosses


  • Cannot have true roots, stems, and leaves due to a lack of vascular tissue
• Insects


  • Their high reproductive rate has enabled them to be more successful and abundant than other animals
• Planting trees in areas where trees were removed due to deforestation

  It will decrease the effects of flooding in the area
• Sustaining pine trees as a natural resource

  The landowner should consult a forester and replant the land with pine trees
• Cell formed as a result of meiosis

  It could be an egg cell or a sperm cell
• Gametes


  They have one-half of the genetic information of other non-gamete cells
• Color blindness is a recessive, sex-linked trait. A man with normal vision and a woman who is heterozygous for color blindness have a daughter. The probability that their daughter will have color blindness is 0%
• Traits


  • Blood type is the least likely to be affected by environmental conditions
• Producing transgenic organisms


  • Finding new ways of treating people who inherit diseases is a potential benefit
• Fossil evidence


  • It provides the best evidence that animals have evolved from simple to more complex forms
• In deer herds, one dominant male mates with most of the female deer in the herd


  The allele of the male deer will increase in frequency over many generations
• Taking an entire prescription of antibiotics as prescribed is the best reason to prevent harmful bacteria from acquiring resistance to antibiotics
• Earliest efforts to create a classification system of organisms

  • They were based on the physical characteristics of the organisms
• Role of DNA in protein synthesis


  To determine the sequence of amino acids in the protein
• What determines whether certain enzymes are produced in some cells and not in others

  The nucleotide sequence in the DNA molecule
• What is required for paramecia to maintain homeostasis

  Release of energy by ATP
• Cellular activity that uses the most ATP as a source of energy


  Active transport
• Part of a plant cell that helps maintain homeostasis

  Cell membrane
• Cell without membrane-bound organelles


  • It has free-floating DNA
• Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

  • Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission; Eukaryotic cells undergo mitosis
• Both muscle cells and other types of body cells have the same DNA sequences
• An animal cell placed in distilled water

  It swells and bursts because the concentration of water outside the cell is higher than the concentration of water inside the cell
• Cells observed with dark X-shaped structures in onion root cells


  They are most likely performing mitosis
• If cytokinesis did not occur at the end of mitosis

  One cell with two nuclei would most likely result
• Tetanus-causing bacteria


  • They create endospores, making the bacteria resistant to environmental conditions
• Adaptations that allow Euglena to survive in a partly shaded pond ecosystem

  • An eyespot to detect light, flagella for movement to the sunny side of the pond, and chloroplasts for making food