testing

• Four classes of biomolecules

  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids (Fats)
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic Acids
• Monosaccharides - one sugar unit
• Disaccharides - two sugars units
• Polysaccharides - three or more sugar units
• Types of lipids

  • Phospholipid
  • Triglyceride
• Proteins - amino acids are the building blocks
• Nucleic Acids - stores and transmits hereditary information
• DNA - stores the information in a 'genetic code'
• RNA - carries the information to the protein synthesizing machinery
• ATP - chemically based on making the mitochondria
• Structure of DNA/RNA

  • Phosphate Group
  • Pentose Sugar (5-Carbon)
  • Nitrogenous Base
• Two types of nitrogenous bases:

  • Purines
  • Pyrimidines
• Purines:

  • Adenine (A)
  • Guanine (G)
• Pyrimidines

  • Cytosine (C)
  • Thymine (T, DNA ONLY)
  • Uracil (U, RNA ONLY)
• Monomer - an individual unit that acts as a building block for large biological molecules
• Polymer - a large molecule made up of small monomers
• START: Carbon 5
• END: Carbon 3
• Double Helix - two strands of DNA