c7

• what is crude oil

  mixture of lots of different hydrocarbon compounds
• what's a mixture

  2 or more elements together but not chemically bonded
• what's a compound

  2 or more elements chemically bonded together
• what's a hydrocarbon

  compounds that only contain the element hydrogen and carbon
• lists the steps of the formation of crude oil - step 1

  1) millions of years ago there were many tiny plants and animals in the sea
• lists the steps of the formation of crude oil - step 3

  3) at the bottom of the sea they were covered in mud
• lists the steps of the formation of crude oil - step 4


  4) overtime the layers of rock built up on top
• lists the steps of the formation of crude oil - step 5

  5) the rock placed the dead organisms under hot, high pressure, low oxygen conditions
• lists the steps of the formation of crude oil - step 6

  6) these conditions, over millions of years, formed crude oil
• what is the name of the first alkane

  methane
• what's the name of the second alkane

  ethane
• whats the name of the third alkane

  propane
• whats the name of the forth alkane

  butane
• whats the name of the 5th alkane


  pentane
• whats the name of the 6th alkane

  hexane
• how many carbons does methane have

  1
• how many carbons does butane have

  4
• how many carbons does ethane have

  2
• how many carbons does hexane have

  6
• how many carbons does propane have

  3
• how many carbons does pentane have

  5
• molecular formula for propane


  C3H8
• molecular formula for methane

  CH4
• molecular formula for hexane


  C6H14
• molecular formula for ethane


  C2H6
• molecular formula for butane

  C4H10
• molecular formula for pentane


  C5H12
• how many bonds does hydrogen make in an alkane

  1
• how manny bonds must a carbon make in an alkane

  4
• what does the boiling point of an alkane depend on and why

  how many carbon atoms there are
• what is the general formula of an alkane

  CnH2n+2

  e.g - C4H2x4+2 = C4H10
• why can the mixture of crude oil be separated

  the compounds all have different boiling points
• what is a fraction of crude oil

  mixture of similar sized hydrocarbons with similar boiling points
• process of fractional distillation - step 1

  crude oil is taken from the ground
• process of fractional distillation - step 2

  crude oil is heated to a high temp outside of the fractionating column
• process of fractional distillation - step 3

  molecules rise through a column which is hot at the bottom ad cooler at the top
• process of fractional distillation - step 4

  molecules will condense when they reach a part of the column which is below the temp of their boiling point
• what is the temp at the bottom of the fractionating column

  340
• what is the temp of the fraction above the one at the bottom

  260
• what is the temp of the middle fraction

  180