Cultural defence

• Local practices are defended through the internet & western non governmental organisations

  • e.g. Greenpeace transmitted video footage of nuclear testing to start international protest
• Local conflicts get international recognition, leading to the protection of people's rights locally

  • e.g Park and Curran - Zapatista rebels in mexico used their support through the internet to win international sympathy for their cause
• Glocalisation - global ideas have been adapted to local practices

  • e.g Blogs focus on local interpretations of events, it is possible to adapt many forms of profile pages to reflect cultural differences.
• Indigenous people use the internet to protect their environment and way of life:

  • e.g Organisations (survival international & tribalnet) empower indigenous people, raising awareness and fundraising through the internet to help them fight for the right to their land and way of life
• The role of internet amongst religious groups, especially fundamentalist groups:

  • Extremist terrorist groups, ISIS and taliban, use the internet to gain support and protect their interests
• Castells - People no longer express their political and social concerns through hierarchical organisations (political parties, pressure groups, trade unions and religions) But rather through online platforms. The easy availability of DFC's means individuals can organise themselves into non-hierarchical digital networks with like minded individuals who can mutually share information and in some cases organise collective action