Subcultural theories

• Marxist


  Working class youths are the least 'locked in' to the system
• Cohen


  Status frustration creates a delinquent subculture
• Cloward and Ohlin


  Illegitimate opportunity structures create three subcultures:

  • Criminal
  • Conflict
  • Retreatist
• Matza


  Delinquency drift, delinquent acts are:

  • intermittent
  • Casual
  • Given up
  • Exciting
• Underclass - New Right


  Underclass is dependent on welfare state in which creates a dependency culture