P2

Created by

Blessing Sudila

Cards (54)

What is a Transverse wave?
Type of wave that oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.
what is a longitudinal wave?
Type of wave where oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer
What are compression In longitudinal waves?
particles of the medium that are closest to eachother
What are rarefaction in longitudinal waves? 
particles are spread apart
What are examples of longitudinal waves?
Sound waves and ocean waves and p-waves
What are examples of Transverse waves?
Light, radio waves, seismic S-waves.
How do electromagnetic waves travel?
Travel through a vacumm
What speed do electromagnetic waves?
Travel at the same speed of 3x10 to the power of 8 m/s which is the speed of light
High frequency to low frequency
Gamma
X-ray
Ultraviolet
visible light
Infrared
Microwave
Radio
High wavelength to Low wavelength
Radio
Microwave
Infrared
Visible Light
Ultraviolet
X-rays
Gamma
What does visible Light represent?
The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can detect with our eyes
What are radio waves used for?
Wireless communication
How are Microwaves suitable for sending communications to a satellite in space?
it can travel through the atmosphere
what EM Waves are used in the medical field?
X- ray Gamma rays and Ultraviolet
what can ultraviolet do.
skin cancer
Ageing of the skin
What is visible light used for?
fibre communications . Can carry large data over a long distance with very little loss of signal
What are the 2 most ionising Em waves?
X rays and Gamma rays. they can lead to cellular or DNA damage. Increasing risk of skin cancer
Where is Ultraviolet used in?
Tanning beds. and employed in energy efficient lamps where Uv light is converted to Visible lights.
What can infrared be used for? 
Cooking, Night-vision devices, remote controls, communication.
What is Transmission? 
When the wave continues to travel through the new material and can lead to refraction.
What is Absorption? 
The wave transfers its energy to the second material often turning inti thermal energy causing the material to heat up.
Example of Absorption in microwave Ovens
Microwaves in Microwave Ovens get absorbed by water molecule in the potato, causing them to vibrate and Heat up. The thermal energy conducts through the rest of the potato causing Temp to increase
What is reflection? 
occurs when a wave bounces back at the boundary of the two mediums. the shinier an object is the better it reflects visible light. Allows us to see objects. Visible light given off a light source reflects off other objects and enters the eye
How does refraction occur?
When light passes from one medium to another, its speed changes, causing the light to bend or change direction. This bending of light is called refraction.
When a wave Travels from a less dense medium to a more dense medium?
Speed and wavelength of the wave decreases but the frequency stays the same
When a wave travels from a more dense medium to a less dense what happens?
Speed and wavelength increases but the frequency stays the same
why are free body diagrams useful?
Help visualise all forces acting upon an object or system.
What is resultant force?
the overall force resulting from a combination of all forces acting on a single object.
What is Newtons first law?
If there is no resultant force on an object and the object is
stationary, it will remain stationary
Moving, the object will continue to move at the same velocity.
what is Newtons second law?
if there is a resultant force on an object, the object will accelerate within An acceleration that is directly proportional to its resultant force and inversely proportional to its mass.
What is Newtons third law?
When two object interact, the forces they exert on each other is equal and opposite.
What is inertia? 
An object natural tendency to continue in the state of rest or motion.
What is thinking distance?
The distance the vehicle travels in the time it takes the driver to react.
what is a braking distance?
Distance travelled between applying the brakes and stopping.
What is the stopping distance and how is it calculated?
distance that travelled from when when brakes are pressed to when the car stops.
Thinking+ Braking= Stopping
in Terms of stopping distance, thinking and braking, the greater the speed the greater the what?
Greater the speed of the vehicle the greater the stopping distance because increasing the speed increases both the thinking and braking distance.
What is Thinking distance Depended on?
Based on the reaction times of the driver. so the longer the drivers reaction the longer the thinking distance.
What is the average human reaction time?
0.2s-0.9s
What increases a person human reaction time?
Alcohol intake
Drug use
Tiredness
Distractions
What affects Braking distance?
Road conditions. Icy/wet roads can reduce the grip-friction- between the Tyres and road surface increasing the Braking distance.
Vehicle conditions especially to Tyres or brakes can increase braking distance. worn brake pads or deflated Tyres will reduce the effectiveness of the braking system.