ConWorld

• Globalization


  A very important change, if not the "most important" change in human social relationships and social structures over the last century
• The Internet and mass media allow for connections among people, communities, and countries all over the globe
• Globalization encompasses a multitude of processes that involves the economy, political systems, and culture
• Social structures are directly affected by globalization
• Globalization


  A concept that has gained many connotations pertaining to progress, development, and integration
• Views on globalization

  • Positive phenomenon
  • Occurring through and with regression, colonialism, and destabilization
• Definitions of globalization

  Can be classified as either broad and inclusive or narrow and exclusive
• Broad and inclusive definition


  • "globalization means the onset of the borderless world" (Ohmae, 1992)
• Narrow and exclusive definition


  • "the characteristics of the globalization trend include the internationalizing of production, the new international division of labor, new migratory movements from South to North, the new competitive environment that accelerates these processes, and the internationalizing of the state... making states into agencies of the globalizing world" (Cox, as cited in RAWOO Netherlands Development Assistance Research Council, 2000)
• Most definitions of globalization refer to the economic dimension, but also include political and social dimensions
• The debate about what can be done about globalization and what it is are similar
• Ritzer's (2015) definition of globalization


  A transplanetary process or a set of processes involving increasing liquidity and the growing multidirectional flows of people, objects, places, and information as well as the structures they encounter and create that are barriers to, or expedite, those flows
• The perspective of the one who defines globalization shapes its definition
• Globalization is the debate and the debate is globalization
• Globalization is a reality that is changing as human society develops, and it has happened before and is still happening today
• Globalization is a concept that is not easy to define because it has a shifting nature, is complex and multifaceted, and can be influenced by the people who define it
• Solid


  Refers to barriers that prevent or make difficult the movement of people, things, information, and places
• Liquid


  Refers to the increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and places in the contemporary world
• Liquidity is the one increasing and proliferating today, and the metaphor that could best describe globalization is liquidity
• Flows


  The movement of people, things, places, and information brought by the growing "porosity" of global limitations
• Examples of flows


  • Foreign cuisines being consumed by Filipinos
  • Global financial crises
  • Poor illegal migrants flooding many parts of the world
  • Virtual flow of legal and illegal information
  • Immigrants recreating ethnic enclaves in host countries
• Thomas Larrson - saw globalization as the process of world shrinkage
• Martin Khor - regarded globalization as colonization
• Ohmae - he said that globalization is the onset of borderless world
• narrow and exclusive definition - better justified but can be limitting
• Robert Cox - his definition of globalization is focused on the economic aspect making it classified as narrow and exclusive
• 114 definitions - total number of definitions that were reviewed by Geneva Center for Security Policy (GCSP) in 2006, 67 of them are about economic definition
• Kumar - said that defining globalization is a useless task
• According to Ritzer, globalization could either bring integration or fragmentation or both
• Arjun Appudarai - said that globalization is a world of things
• Al-Rhodan - globalization definitions depend on the author's perspective and geopolitical implications of globalization
• Cesare Poppi - globalization is the debate and the debate is globalization
• Ritzer - attitude on globalization depends on one gains or loses from it
• Zygmunt Bauman - his ideas have a lot to say about the characteristics of liquidity
• space and time - crucial elements of globalization