chem - electrolysis

• electrolysis is the breaking down of substances using electricity
• an electric current is passes through an electrolyte ( a molten or dissolved ionic compound) causing it to decompose
• oxidation means loss of electrons
• reduction means gain of electrons
• the positive ions (cations) in the electrolyte move towards the cathode (negative electrode) and are reduced (gain electrons)
• the negative ions (anions) in the electrolyte move towards the anode (positive electrode) and are oxidised (lose electrons)
• as ions gain or lose electrons they form the uncharged substances and a are discharged from the electrolyte
• HOW TO SET UP -

  1. get two inert (unreactive) electrodes, e.g. graphite or platinum electrodes
• 2) clean the surfaces of the electrodes using some emery paper
• 3) from this point on be careful not to touch the surfaces of the electrodes with your hands - you could transfer grease back onto the strips
• 4) place both electrodes into a beaker filled with your electrolyte
• 5) connect your electrodes to a power supply using crocodile clips and wires. when you turn your power supply on, a current will flow through the cell