Variation and classification

• Variation


  The differences that exist between individual organisms
• Factors that cause variation

  • Genetic
  • Environmental
• Genetic factors


  • Eye colour
  • Blood type
• Environmental factors


  • Having tattoos
  • Dying your hair
• Genetic and Environmental factors


  • Weight
  • Height
• Types of variation


  • Genetic
  • Environmental
  • Blood group
  • Height
  • Eye colour
  • Scars
  • Height
  • Muscle size
  • Body Mass
  • Body Mass
  • Muscle Size
  • Tattoos
  • Intelligence
  • Dyed Hair
  • Intelligence
• Dogs are the same species even though a Labrador and a poodle look very different, if they reproduce their offspring are fertile
• Species


  A group of similar looking organisms that can breed together to form children (offspring) who can also grow up and have children of their own
• Types of organisms


  • Cat - 4 legged
  • Caterpillar - 10 legged
  • Chicken - 2 legged
• We use Latin names to ensure that the categories are universal to all
• Scientists classify organisms following a "classification tree"
• 5 Broad Kingdoms


  • Bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Plantae
  • Animalia
  • Protista
• Types of animals


  • Vertebrates - Have a backbone
  • Invertebrates - Do NOT have a backbone
  • Chordates - Animals with a notochord at some stage of their development
• Vertebrates


  • Snake
  • Fish
  • Amphibians
  • Reptiles
  • Birds
  • Mammals
• Plant types


  • Flowering plants - Any plant that makes flowers
  • Conifers - Plants that make cones, such as a pine tree
  • Ferns - Plants that make spores and have roots and stems
  • Moss - Plants that make spores without roots or stems
• Xylem


  Transports water dissolved mineral irons
• Phloem


  Transports glucose up and down
• Types of variation


  • Continuous (data) - Data that come in a range and not in groups
  • Discontinuous (data) - Data that come in groups and not a range
• Continuous data


  • Height - You can be 150 cm or 151 cm tall or somewhere in between
• Discontinuous data


  • Blood Group - You can only fall into certain categories, there is no grouping in between