1st lesson

• Biology


  A natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, identification and taxonomy
• Characteristics of life


  • Chemical organization
  • Cellular organization
  • Constant energy requirement
  • Capacity to grow and develop
  • Ability to reproduce and transmit characteristics to offspring
  • Adaptation to changes in the environment
  • Homeostasis
  • Responsiveness
  • Movement
  • Order
• 4 Macromolecules

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic Acids
• Unicellular organisms


  • Amoeba
  • Escherichia coli
  • Paramecium
• Multicellular organisms


  • Plants
  • Fungi
  • Animals
• How organisms obtain energy

  • Autotrophs
  • Heterotrophs
• Growth


  Increase in size and number
• Development


  The process of change that causes an organism to become more complex during its lifetime
• Reproduction


  • A process by which an organism may produce offspring and perpetuate its species
• Types of reproduction


  • Asexual
  • Sexual
• Asexual reproduction


  • Does not involve the union of gametes
• Sexual reproduction


  • Gametes unite to form zygote
• Adaptation


  • Structural, behavioral and physiological features that enable organisms to survive and reproduce in different environments
  • They have a genetic basis and are passed from generation to generation
• Homeostasis


  • The ability or tendency of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium - a stable internal environment - as it deals with external changes
  • Maintaining a stable or normal state
• Responsiveness


  • Organisms respond to their environment involving temperature, food, water, enemies, mates or other elements
  • These factors are called stimuli and the response of an organism toward a stimulus is called tropism
• Movement


  Organisms use their power to move themselves or their body parts through space
• Order


  There is a precise arrangement known as the "Hierarchical Organization of Living system" wherein structures and activities in living things has a specific relation to all the others
• biology is known as

  the science of life
• what is the other 7 that biology study

  structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, identification, and taxonomy
• the Precise arrangement known as the

  Hierarchical Organization of living system
• This organization wherein the structures and activities in the living things has a specific relation to all the others

  Hierarchical organization of living system
• 3 level Hierarchical Organization of the living system

  Cellular level, Organismal level, and Populational level
• Give the 5 that belongs to Cellular level

  Atoms, Molecule, Macromolecule, organelle, and cell
• give the 4 that belongs to the Organismal level

  Tissue, organ, organ system, and organism
• give the 4 that belongs to the Populational level

  Population, Community, Ecosystem, and Biosphere
• what reproduction does need only a single parent

  asexual reproduction
• what reproduction that their offspring are genetically identical

  asexual reproduction
• what reproduction is common in plants, fungi, microbes, and invertebrates

  Asexual reproduction
• reproduction that needs two parents

  Sexual reproduction
• reproduction that their offspring possess a unique combination of traits

  Sexual reproduction
• reproduction that is common among vertebrates

  Sexual reproduction
• a response that will happen during a particular time of the year


  response can be seasonal
• a response that will happen slowly


  Response can be gradual
• the response that will happen immediately without any delay


  Response can be instantaneous
• 4 macromolecules

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic Acids
• the building blocks is called

  macromolecules
• contains a huge number of naturally occurring elements

  earth's crust
• how many major elements are commonly found in all living things

  7 major elements
• element + element is equal to

  compund
• there are two types of compounds

  organic or inorganic