3G

• WHat is waste minimisation?

  Waste minimisation is the process of reducing the amount of unused material, time, or labour within a business.
• Types of waste that may occur in a business's operations system

  • Time wasted when transporting resources or products
  • Inputs wasted or easily damaged, especially if they are lower-quality inputs
  • Labour wasted when employees have little or no work to complete during production
  • Time wasted from delays between production stages
  • Products wasted when a business produces too much and is unable to sell them
  • Labour of highly-experienced employees wasted when they are assigned tasks that can be completed by less-experienced employees
  • Products wasted when they are defective and cannot be sold
• TIMWOOD


  Acronym for the types of waste in operation system
• Types of waste in operation system

  • Transport
  • Inventory
  • Motion
  • Waiting
  • Overproduction
  • Overprocessing
  • Defects
• Transport


  • Unnecessary transportation of products or materials can waste time and money, as well as increase the risk of resources becoming damaged
• Inventory


  • Excess inventory of products and materials can waste storage space and increase the chance of goods becoming damaged
• Motion


  • Unnecessary movement of employees during the production process can waste time
• Waiting


  • Waiting or delays in the production process for work to be completed can waste time, which decreases productivity
• Overproduction


  • Producing outputs beyond customer demand
• Overprocessing


  • Doing more work than necessary
• Defects


  • Products that have errors or defects are often discarded or corrected, wasting time, money and materials
• effect of waste minimisation on business and its operation

  • its minimise a business’s production costs, as less resources are wasted.
  • Reducing production costs within a business’s operations system can increase a business’s profit margins or enable a business to offer lower prices to customers.
• effect of waste minimisation on efficiency

  • By minimising the amount of time wasted in operations a business produces goods and services at a quicker rate, increasing efficiency.
  • By reducing the number of materials discarded, a business optimises its use of resources and increases efficiency.
• effect of waste minimisation on effectiveness

  Reducing waste lowers operational costs which can allow for a business to offer lower prices to customers. This can increase the number of sales and meet the objective of increasing market share. The increase in sales will also increase revenue, which can assist in the achievement of making a profit.
• define reduce


  Reduce is a waste minimisation strategy that aims to decrease the amount of resources, labour, or time discarded during production.
• effect of reducing wastage

  business can reduce the amount of wasted resources throughout production to optimise the use of its resources and decrease operations costs
• ways to reduce resources

  • Adjusting the amount of goods produced each month based on predicted customer demand
  • Organise the number of employees required for each day based on how much work needs to be completed.
  • Review and select the optimal transport routes for the distribution of products.
  • Implement proactive approaches that assist in reducing the number of defective products.
• define reuse


  Reuse is waste minimisation strategy that aims to make use of items which would have otherwise been discarded.
• effect of using reuse on operation system

  • Reusing resources promotes the optimal use of resources as it increases the amount of outputs that can be produced without having to purchase additional inputs.
  • Reusing items can also lower a business’s production costs through increased productivity, as the business can produce more outputs without having to increase the amount of resources used.
  • waste minimisation can assist in reducing costs related to waste removal.
• ways that resources can be reused

  • Reusing storage items such as plastics, cardboard boxes
  • Reusing functional parts of defective products
  • Collecting packaging from customers such as glass bottles
  • Reusing natural resources such as water
• Define recycle


  is waste minimisation strategy that aims to transform items which would have otherwise been discarded.
• effect of recycle items

  • business can reduce the amount of money that is needed to purchase new resources, subsequently reducing the business’s production costs.
  • A business may also reduce expenses related to the disposal of waste through recycling.
• how can business recycle items

  can implement technologies into their operations system that allow for specific resources to be recycled, such as:

  • glass

  • paper-based materials

  • metals

  • batteries

  • plastics

  • natural waste.
• Lean management


  The process of systematically reducing waste in all areas of a business's operations system whilst simultaneously improving customer value
• Effect of lean management on the business operation system (advantage)

  • Reduce the amount of waste generated from discarded materials and unused time within its operations system
  • Enable a business to use resources more efficiently, meaning materials are not purchased as frequently and tasks are completed at a faster rate, reducing overall production costs
  • Benefit customers as the business is able to charge cheaper prices
  • By offering a lower-priced product that is delivered more quickly, a business can improve its level of customer satisfaction
• Lean management ensures the output meets the customer satisfaction
• Advantage of lean management

  • Improves business reputation by reducing and managing waste, which benefits the environment
  • Improves quality as processes are streamlined to ensure all activities add value to the final product and customer expectations are met
  • Employees may experience greater job satisfaction as they are actively involved in reducing waste in operations and positively impacting the environment
  • Products can be produced at a faster rate when strategies such as takt and one-piece flow are introduced as they focus on continuous production
  • Reduces the amount of time that is wasted between tasks
  • Reduces the overall use of materials, which leads to fewer production costs
  • Improves the quality of a business's products, leading to greater customer satisfaction and sales
• Disadvantages of lean management

  • If suppliers do not deliver materials on time, the business may be unable to streamline its production process to meet customer demand
  • Employees may be reluctant to commit to an attitude of zero defects due to the effort and commitment required
  • It may be overwhelming for employees to implement lean management as there is a goal for constant improvement
  • It may be time-consuming to train inexperienced employees and provide them with the knowledge to commit to lean production methods
  • It can be costly to implement lean management as implementing new policies, procedures, and training employees can come at a high expense
• Pull


  A lean management strategy that involves customers determining the number of products a business should produce for sale
• Pull management strategy


  • A business will only produce its goods or services to meet customer demand to ensure that no resources are wasted on unwanted products that will later be discarded
  • The customer need to give the order beforehand in order for the business to produce its output in the right time
• Pull management strategyeffect on efficiency


  Reduces overproduction and minimises the number of wasted materials, time, and labour generated by a business's production process, increasing productivity
• Pull management strateg- efficiency

  Reduces a business's materials wastage, and allows a business to optimise its use of labour resources, leading to increased productivity
• Pull management strategy effectiveness


  Minimises the amount of discarded materials and resources in its production process, allowing it to reduce its expenses, enabling a business to better achieve its objective of making a profit
• One-piece flow


  A lean management strategy that involves processing a product individually through a stage of production and passing it onto the next stage of production before processing the next product, continuing this process throughout all stages of production
• Characteristics of one-piece flow


  • One product moves through each stage of the entire production process without delay, while the new product takes it's place
• Effect of One-piece flow management

  Reduces the number of errors in a business's operations process by only producing one unit at a time, increasing productivity
• Effect of one-piece flow management

  Allows a business to produce higher quality products at a faster rate, improving customer satisfaction. This can enable a business to achieve the objectives of fulfilling a market need and increasing market share
• Takt


  A lean management strategy that involves synchronising the steps of a business's operations system to meet customer demand
• Characteristics of takt


  • It allows for a continuous pace
  • The output of one production stage is transferred to the next step in a timely manner
  • If implemented correctly, the business ensures items complete the production process with no delays between steps
• Takt management- efficiency


  Optimises the flow of materials between the stages of the production process, reducing wasted time and increasing productivity