Peripheral Nervous System of Toad

• 1st, 2nd, and 3rd spinal nerves will fuse near the shoulder level to form brachial plexus
• 1st spinal nerve

  • innervates tongue, jaw, hyoid
• 2nd spinal nerve

  • largest spinal nerve from 1st-3rd spinal nerve
• 2nd spinal nerve

  • this spinal nerve continues to the forelimb as brachial nerve
• 3rd spinal nerve

  • innervates the shoulder
• 4th, 5th, 6th spinal nerves are between the pectoral and pelvic girdles
• 4th, 5th, 6th spinal nerves innervates the muscles and skin of body wall
• 7th, 8th, 9th spinal nerves emerges at the level of pelvis/ They fuse to form sciatic plexus
• 7th spinal nerve

  • innervates large intestine, bladder, oviducts (females)
• 8th and 9th spinal nerve will continue the hindlimb as sciatic nerve
• 10th spinal nerve

  • lies close to urostyle
  • innervates cloaca, bladder, oviducts