order and security

• • Liberals explain order by arguing that order can be achieved in international relations through global governance and predicatability in International law 
  • liberal international order was created After the CW in 1991 the liberal order - truly world orders
  • Realists argue that order is going to come primarily through power In international relations, your power determines the rules of the game
  • So order is through strength - organsiation Rather based on the interests and inclinations of the strongest power – billiard ball model
• • Realists in international relations and refers to situations in which under anarchy, action by a state intended to heighten its security such as increasing its military strength, 
  • committing to use weapons or making alliances 
  • Mearsheimer – Better to be Godzilla than Bambi 
  • Russian invasion of Ukraine due to NATO
  • Realists believe that states cannot give up on their security 
  • Liberals will disagree and argue that co-operation is the only vital point for security 
  • Locke – rationalism 
  • Kants – triangle of peace – interconnectedness 
• Different beliefs about human nature

  • Realist View (Hobbes):Realists, drawing on Thomas Hobbes, argue that the international system is anarchic because states behave like individuals in a state of nature — selfish, power-maximising, and fearful of others.→ This justifies a realist belief that order only comes from strong states maintaining power and deterrence, not from cooperation.
  • Liberal View Liberals follow John Locke's more optimistic view of human nature — that people (and by extension, states) are capable of reason and cooperation under shared rules.→ This supports liberal beliefs in international law, institutions (like the UN), and diplomacy as the basis of order, rather than fear and strength.