Cell biology

• What is a cell?


  The smallest unit of life that can replicate independently.
• What does a cell membrane do?

  Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
• What does the nucleus do?

  Contains DNA and controls the activity of the cell.
• What is cytoplasm?


  The gel-like substance inside a cell, where most chemical reactions take place.
• what does mitochondria do?


  Provide cells with the energy they need to function.
• What happens in ribosomes?


  Protein synthesis (where proteins are made)
• What do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?

  Cell wall, vacuole, and chloroplasts
• What does a cell wall do?

  Provides structural support and protection for the cell.
• What is a cell wall made of?

  Cellulose
• What would happen without a cell wall?

  Too much water could enter the cell and it would burst.
• What does a permanent vacuole contain?

  Cell sap (mixture of sugar, salts, and water)
• What happens in chloroplasts?

  Photosynthesis
• What do chloroplasts contain?

  Chlorophyll
• What does chlorophyll do?

  Chlorophyll is responsible for capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis.
• What do bacteria cells contain?

  DNA, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, and a cell wall.
• What does Mrs gren stand for?

  Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition
• What is excretion?


  The removal of the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirements.
• What is the order of unit of length used for measuring cells from smallest to largest?

  Nanometer, micrometer, Millimeter, Meter, Kilometer
• What are the different parts of a light microscope?

  Base, light source, arm, stage, objective lenses, body tube, eyepiece lens, coarse focusing knob, fine focusing knob.
• In microscopy, what does the term object refer to?

  The real object or sample being observed.
• In microscopy, what does the term image refer to?


  The image that can be seen through the microscope.
• In microscopy, what does the term magnification mean? 


  how many times large the Image is than the object.
• How do you calculate magnification?


  Magnification = image size / object size
• In microscopy, what does resolution mean?

  The shortest distance between two points on an object that can still be viewed as two separate entities.