Diagnostic Procedure

• Parasite: Giardia intestinalis

  (AKA: Giardia lamblia, Cercomonas intestinalis, Giardia duodenale)

  Diagnostic Test:

  + Direct Fecal Smear

  + Enterotest (String test)

  + Fecal antigen detection by Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and ELISA

  • Good or superior sensitivity and specificity

  Advantage:

  • Easy to use and rapid
  • Permit batch processing
  • Do not require experience microscopist

  + Direct Flourescence

  + Giardia Western Immunoblotting (blot)

  + RT-PCR
• Parasite: Giardia intestinalis

  (AKA: Giardia lamblia, Cercomonas intestinalis, Giardia duodenale)

  Specimen:

  + Freshly passed stool

  + Preserved stool (can be used for Immunoassay test)

  + Duodenal aspirates

  + Upper small Intestine biopsy
• Parasite: Giardia intestinalis

  (AKA: Giardia lamblia, Cercomonas intestinalis, Giardia duodenale)

  Infective stage:

  + Cyst Form
• Parasite: Giardia intestinalis

  (AKA: Giardia lamblia, Cercomonas intestinalis, Giardia duodenale)

  Diagnostic stage:

  + Formed Stool - Cyst

  + Watery - Trophozoite
• Parasite: Chilomastix mesnili

  Diagnostic stage:

  + Direct fecal smaer (DFS)

  + Iodine Wet Mount

  • Better demonstrates the features of C. mesnili
• Parasite: Chilomastix mesnili

  Specimen:

  + Freshly passed stool
• Parasite: Chilomastix mesnili

  Infective Stage:

  + Cyst Form
• Parasite: Chilomastix mesnili

  Diagnostic Stage:

  = Formed stool - Cyst

  = Watery - Trophozoite

  = Semiformed - Cyst and Trophozoite
• Parasite: Balantidium coli

  Diagnostic Test:

  = Direct Fecal Smear
• Parasite: Balantidium coli

  Specimen:

  + Freshly passed stool

  + Sigmoidoscopy Material
• Parasite: Balantidium coli

  Infective Stage:

  + Cyst Form
• Parasite: Balantidium coli

  Diagnostic Stage:

  + Formed Stool - Cyst

  + Watery - Trophozoite