Indian Classical

    Cards (24)

    • Hindustani .

      One of the main styles of Classical Indian music
    • Carnatic …

      One of the main styles of Classical Indian music
    • Main religion
      • Hinduism
    • Hindustani music
      Based on Hindu faith and culture
    • Performers
      • Play by ear, memory and is learnt from a master performer
    • Most of the music is improvised and these performances can last for hours
    • Gamakas
      Meends are used
    • Meends pride from one note to another
    • Hindustani
      • Originated in north of India, uses north Indian language
    • Carnatic
      • Originated in south of India, uses south Indian language
    • Carnatic
      • Specialises in compositions more than ragas
    • Hindustani
      • Specialises in ragas more than compositions
    • Carnatic emotion
      • Emotions are expressed in a devotion/worship context
    • Hindustani
      • Emotions are expressed as raga-improvised music based on notes from a particular raga
    • Most common elements
      • The melody-improvised from notes of a raga
      • The drone-one or two notes by the tamburas
      • The rhythm-repetitive cycle & rhythm played by tabla drums
    • Composers/artists
      • Ravi Shankar
      • Anoushka Shankar
    • Bols
      Independent rhythm parts that go against the main beat creating syncopations
    • Mantras
      Individual beats in a cycle
    • Sam
      The first beat of the rhythmic cycle
    • Syncopations
      Notes accented off the beat, weak part of beat is often emphasised
    • Teental/tintal
      Common 16-beat rhythmic cycle
    • Sections of raga
      1. Alap -opening unmetred and improvised section, slow tempo, soloist explores notes from raga
      2. Jor -second section, medium tempo with improvisation, music becomes more elaborate and rhythmic
      3. Jhala -third section, lively tempo, climax and virtuoso display of improvisatory skills, also has complex rhythm
      4. Gat/Bandish -final section, fixed composition with form of song (bandish) or with improvised embellishments (gat)
    • Instruments
      • Sitar
      • Tabla
      • Sarangi
      • Tambura
      • Sarod
      • Bansuri
      • Shehnai
      • Harmonium
    • two main styles of classical music
      • Carnatic
      • Hindustani