Nationalsim

• Liberalism


  New idea, growing following the French Revolution
• Conservatism


  Old ideas, Monarchy after the Congress of Vienna, conservatism is reviving
• Radicalism


  Lower/fringe middle-class, Limitation by conservatism, Growth in secret club membership across Europe
• Nation


  A people bound by factors such as culture, religion, territory, history, language, and often ethnicity
• Nationalism


  Loyalty to a group of people who hold a common historical and cultural background
• Nation-State


  If a nation has its own government, then a nation-state is formed
• Political ideologies and their supporters in the years after Napoleon

  1. Conservatism (monarchy, nobility, clergy)

  2. Liberalism (educated middle class)

  3. Radicalism (lower/fringe middle-class)
• The French Revolution/Napoleonic Empire


  Helped create nationalism across Europe
• Colonial structure of Latin American society

  • Peninsulares (Spaniards born in peninsula iberica)
  • Creoles (Spaniards born in Latin America)
  • Mulattoes/Mestizos (Mixed ethnicity)
• Simon Bolivar


  • Venezuelan creole, educated in Spain, military victories, created Gran Colombia
• Jose de San Martin

  • Argentinian creole, fought in the Peninsular war, unified with Bolivar to expel Spanish rule in Perú
• Reasons behind growing discontent among colonists in Latin America
• How Brazilian independence differed from other Latin American countries
• Reasons why the initial revolution in Mexico failed
• Why Greece and Belgium were moved to become independent nation-states
• Metternich's quote "France sneezes and Europe gets a cold"


  When something happened to France, it affected the rest of Europe
• The Congress of Vienna


  Led to the July Revolutions
• Factors that led to widespread Revolutions in 1848

  • Re-establishment of aristocratic power in Eastern Europe
  • Population growth and industrialization
  • Political ideology
  • Famine and bad harvests
• Reasons why the Frankfurt Assembly failed
• Nation-Building (United States)


  Distinct cultures come together to form a new, single culture
• Unification (Italy)


  Removing the political boundaries and bringing them together
• Separation (Belgium)


  A distinct culture removes itself from the rule of another nation
• Otto Von Bismarck


  • Prime minister of Prussia, created the ideology of realpolitik, unified Germany through wars
• Realpolitik


  The politics of action, doing something instead of talking about it
• Camillo de Cavour


  • The Italian Bismarck, minister of Italy, led the unification movement in Italy
• Nationalism after the Revolutions of 1848

  Turned into a conservative movement
• Steps Bismarck took to unify Germany

  Removed representative power, fought to unify through military conquest, consolidated power through national pride