haloalkanes

• what is the general formula for haloalkanes?

  CnH2n+1X
• what is a nucleophile?

  a donor of a pair of electrons, attracted to positive/partially positive atoms
• what happens in the hydrolysis of an haloalkane?


  the halogen is replaced by an OH group, producing an alcohol
• what conditions are required for hydrolysis of an haloalkane?


  aqueous alkali (NaOH) or water in the presence of ethanol
• what can be used to determine the rate of hydrolysis?

  AgNO, how quick a precipitate forms
• what haloalkane has the slowest hydrolysis?

  chloroalkane
• what haloalkane has the quickest hydrolysis?

  iodoalkanes
• why are iodoalkanes faster to hydrolyse than chloroalkanes?

  C-I bond has weaker enthalpy than C-Cl, chlorine is more electronegative