Film Studies

• 1895 - the Lumiere Brothers made the very first moving image ("Workers leaving the Lumiere factory")
• 1895-1927 - due to silent cinema, the foundations of film making were discovered to deliver a story to the audience without sound. The fundamentals include: cinematography, lighting, continuity of editing, extensive range of mise-en-scene, etcetera.
• 1920s - gradual emergence of vertically integrated Hollywood Film Industry.

  By 1930, there was 5 MAJOR Studios: Paramount, Warner Bros, LOEW'S/MGM, Fox [Twentieth Century Fox in 1935], and Radio Keith Orpheum [RKO]

  3 MINOR Studios: Columbia, Universal, and United Artists

  These were the so called Big 5 and Little 3
• 1927 - first feature film with a soundtrack. Alan Crosland's 'The Jazz Singer' starring Al Jolson
• 1935 - Rouben Mamoulian's Becky Sharp was the technicolour corporation's first feature length 'three strip' colour film
• 1948 - Paramount court case which lead to the emergence of independent film production
• 1950s - emergence of widescreen and 3D technology in response to the growth of television and decline in cinema attendance
• Late 1950s - lightweight portable cameras were used to make documentary style films (by French "new wave" directors)
• 1970s - Steadicam technology developed by Garret Brown. This was a device that allowed the camera to be moved smoothly and steadily. (first introduced in 1975)
• 1990s Onwards - widespread use of computer-generated imagery (CGI) post production to increase believability/ more immersed audience
• 1995 - first CG (computer generated) feature length cartoon, Toy Story directed by Jon Lassater
• 2000s - developments in lightweight cameras and mobile phone technology + rise in 'citizen film-making' and 'found footage films'
• 2007 - NETFLIX revolutionised streaming by being the first legal streaming service for film and TV
• 2010s - feature length films shot entirely on I-phones ,e.g Tangerine in 2015 and UNSANE in 2018
• 2017 - streaming sights overtake DVD sales for the first time, increasing by 23% in one year
• 2018- Avengers: Infinity War was the first Hollywood film to be shot entirely with IMAX Cameras