Graphics

• New emerging technologies or industry


  • CAM-Computer Aided Manufacture
  • CAD-Computer Aided Design
  • Enterprise
  • 3D printing
  • Augmented reality
  • Autonomous cars
• 3D printing


  • Layers of plastic filament layered to make a model
  • Expensive and takes a long time to maintain
  • More efficient
  • Quicker job
  • Not good for environment, plastic not suitable
  • Expensive to run
  • Larger objects take longer
• Augmented reality


  • Can be dangerous
  • Make you obsessed
  • Educational use
• Autonomous cars


  • Setting own destination
  • Not having trust
  • Expensive
  • Become lazy
• Market pot


  The demand in the market for a new product or the use of upgrades, size of products
• Technology push products


  Products developed as a result of new technology
• Technology push products


  • Smartphones, Google Maps, Alexa
• Mass produced products


  • Hundreds or thousands of identical products
  • Manufactured on a production line
  • Assembly line with equipment/machinery manned by workers who gradually assemble a product as it passes along the line
  • Automated production using computer controlled equipment or machinery
• Automated production


  The use of computer controlled equipment or machinery in manufacturing
• Mass produced products use production line
• Global production


  • The big company buys the materials to make the product
  • Deforestation
  • Huge amount of resources and materials used
  • Damage to the environment
  • The product is made in factories all around the world
  • Workers are exploited, underpaid, overworked, taken advantage of, not paid correctly
  • The product is sold all around the world
  • Local/small business can not survive
  • The company makes a profit
  • Poor gets poorer, rich gets richer
  • Customers continue to buy the product over and over again
  • Customers throw away the product to get the latest version
  • Products end up in landfill
• Fashion


  A fad product life cycle
• Introduction stage


  • Demand must be created/hype product before launch
  • Initial costs are very high due to advertising and promoting
  • Sales are slow at the beginning until popularity volumes to start
• Growth stage


  • Sales volume increase
  • Profitability starts to rise
  • Public awareness increases
  • Competition begins
• Maturity


  Costs increase, sales volume increases, competition entering market increases
• Decline


  Sales volume declines, prices and profitability diminish, profit more challenging due to production/distribution efficiency
• WJEC E
• Globalisation


  The impact of global interconnectedness on the exchange of ideas, resources and products across borders
• Globalisation process


  • Research & development
  • Assembly
  • Design
  • Marketing
  • Manufacturing
  • Advertising
• Supply chain


  • Raw materials supplier
  • Manufacturing
  • Distribution
  • Consumer
• Supply chain steps


  1. Big company buys materials to make products

  2. Deforestation and environmental damage from resource use

  3. Products made in factories around the world, workers exploited

  4. Products mass produced and distributed globally

  5. Local businesses cannot survive

  6. Company makes profit, poor get poorer and rich get richer

  7. Customers buy products repeatedly and discard for latest version, products end up in landfill
• Economies must be considered
• CAD (Computer Aided Design)


  Designs can be created, saved and edited easily, designs can be copied or repeated, designs can be worked on remotely, designs can be rendered to look photo-realistic, can process complex stress testing
• CAD


  • Complex to learn, software expensive, compatibility issues
• CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

  Quick, consistent, accurate, less mistakes, cost saving
• CAM


  • Training required to operate, high initial outlay per machine, production stoppage
• 3D Printing


  Uses thermoplastic polymer filament, heated and extruded through a head to form layers, bed moves for next layer, strength determined by inner design and material used