patterns and trends

• Social class

  Jacobson et al

  • Found multiple disadvantages in the 200 children studies
  • ¾ were known to have absent fathers
  • ½ lived in deprived households
• Gender

  Goldthorpe – Small rises in recorded crime created moral panic about female offending & “girl gangs”, suggesting the rise in imprisonment of young women has been an over-reaction

  • From 1994-2004, there was a 150% increase
  • Male teenagers aged 12 to 18 are responsible for 20% of police recorded crimes
• Ethnicity

  • Home office – shows people from black backgrounds account for 20% of youth deviance
  • 7% more likely to get strip searched