Blood, sensory and motor supply of lower limb

• Anterior compartment of thigh is supplied by profunda femoris artery and femoral nerve.
• Medial compartment supplied by obturator artery and nerve.
• Posterior compartment of thigh supplied by profunda femoris artery and sciatic nerve
• Anterior compartment of leg supplied by anterior tibial artery and deep peroneal nerve
• Lateral compartment of leg supplied by peroneal artery and superficial peroneal nerve
• Posterior compartment of leg supplied by posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve
• Lumbar plexus L1-L4 supplies lower abdominal wall, anterior and medial thigh (sensory and motor) and anterior and medial leg/foot (sensory)
• Sacral plexus L4-S4 supplies buttock, lower limb, pelvis and perineum (except anteromedial thigh).
• Sciatic nerve gives off 2 branches: tibial and common peroneal (further splits into superficial and deep peroneal nerve).
• Dermatome - area of skin supplied by nerves from a single spinal root
• Myotome - group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve root
• Nerve pain can be mild to severe with specific features - burning, pins and needles.
• Most lower limb muscles usually receive innervations from more than one spinal nerve and are therefore composed of more than one myotome.