Elimination

• •Bowel Movement


  The expulsion of feces from the anus and rectum
• •Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving  stool toward the anus.
• The fecal matter may take 24-48 hours to pass through the entire  large intestine.
• Factors influencing bowel elimination:

  Age

  Diet

  Fluid Intake

  Physical Activity

  Psychological Factors

  Lifestyle

  Position during Defecation

  Medications

  Pregnancy

  Surgery and Anesthesia

  Diagnostic Studies
• Age

  
• Diet

  
• Fluid intake

  
• PA?

  A) Physical Activity

  
• Psychological Factors

  
• Lifestyle

  
• Position

  
• Medications

  
• Pregnancy

  
• Surgery/Anesthesia

  
• Diagnostic Studies

  
• FECES / STOOL


  •The excreted waste products

  • It consists of unabsorbed food, residue, mucus, digestive secretions  (gastric, intestinal, pancreatic, and liver), water, and microorganisms.
• Normal feces are made of about 75% water and 25% solid materials,  soft but formed, yellow or golden brown in color, aromatic odor, and  cylindrical in shape.
• Color

  
• Odor

  
• Amount

  
• Consistency and Shape

  
• Constituents

  
• Alterations

  A) Alcoholic Stool

  B) Hematochezia

  C) Melena

  D) Steatorrhea

  
• Fecal Elimination Problems

  A) Constipation

  B) Fecal Impaction

  C) Diarrhea

  D) Hemorrhoids

  E) External Hemorrhoids

  F) Internal hemorrhoids

  
• Fecal Elimination Problems

  A) Flatulence

  B) Bowel Incontinence

  C) Fecal Incontinence

  
• What is it??

  A) Enema

  B) enema

  
• Enema Classifications

  A) Cleansing Enemas

  
• Cleansing Enemas 2 types:

  A) High Enema

  B) Low Enema

  
• Enema Classification

  A) Carminative Enemas

  
• Enema Classification

  A) Retention Enemas

  B) Oil Retention Enema

  C) Antibiotic Enema

  D) Anthelminthic Enema

  E) Nutritive Enema

  
• Enema Classifications

  A) Return-Flow Enemas

  B) Harris Flush

  
• Commonly Used enema solutions

  A) Hypertonic

  B) Hypotonic

  C) Isotonic

  D) Soapsuds

  E) Oil

  
• PROBLEM SOLVING


   Involves identifying the problem and making choices that direct the course toward the desired

  outcome.