Mendelian Inheritance

• Law of Dominance - when pure parents with the opposite trait are mated, the 1st generation shows only 1 trait (dominant) while the other trait is hidden.
• Law of Independent Assortment - the separation of gene pairs in a given pair of chromosomes and the distribution of the gens to gametes during meiosis are entirely independent of the distribution of other gene pairs in other pairs of chromosome.
• Law of Segregation - when hybrids are crossed, the opposite traits are separated into different offspring ration of 3/4 dominant to 1/4 recessive.
• Monohybrid cross - a cross between parents that differ in one trait
• Dihybrid cross - a cross between parents that differ in two traits
• Punnett square - used to determine the probable outcome of experiments in monohybrid and dihybrid crossing.
• Genotype - combination of genes; the genetic makeup of an organism.
• Phenotype - the outward appearance of an organism as the result of gene action.
• Homozygous - an organism in which the paired genes for a particular trait are identical, (SS-homozygous tall)
• Heterozygous - an organism inn which the paired genes for particular trait are different and contrasting (Ss-heterozygous trait)