Persuasive techniques

• Facts


  Something which can be proved to be true
• Facts


  • Effect- gives persuasive authority to speaker, creates logical foundation
• Opinions


  Offering a point of view
• Opinions


  • Effects- humanizes speaker, emotional appeal, can give credibility, can be manipulative
• Counterargument


  Seeing the other side / opinion
• Counterargument


  • Effects- anticipates criticism, convinces through rebuttal, demonstrates critical thinking, enhances credibility
• Ethos (Credibility)


  A means of convincing an audience using the authority or credibility of the persuader, whether it's a notable or experienced figure in the field or a popular celebrity
• Ethos (Credibility)


  • When the writer mentions his own experience as a doctor, this establishes a sense of ethos.
• Logos (Reason)


  Way of persuading an audience with reason, using facts, figures and rationale
• Logos (Reason)


  • The use of statistics here strengthens the sense of logos in the passage
• Pathos (Emotion)


  Way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response to an impassioned plea or a convincing story
• Pathos (Emotion)


  • This rhetorical question creates a pathos-driven response from the reader.
• Rhetorical questions


  Posing a question that doesn't require an answer
• Rhetorical questions


  • Effects:- creates engagement, sense of dialogue, emphasis
• Direct address


  Using 'you' to create a synthetic relationship
• Direct address


  • Effects:- inviting action, empowering audience
• Personal pronouns


  I Me
• Personal pronouns


  • Effects:- inviting empathy, creating conversational tone, establishing responsibility and creating trust
• Inclusive pronouns


  We Our Us
• Inclusive pronouns


  • Effects: creating sense of connection and community with audience, emotional appeal, trust
• Modal verbs


  Will Shall May Would Could Should Can Might Must Ought
• Modal verbs


  • Effects:- eliciting trust, creating urgency, showing possibility
• Tripartite sequence/ Tripling/ Rule of Three


  Things listed in 3s (Reduce, reuse, recycle)
• Tripartite sequence/ Tripling/ Rule of Three

  • Effects:- memorability, rhythm and flow, emphasis, impactful
• Comparatives


  Words with ...er suffixes: faster, stronger, hungrier
• Comparatives


  • Effects:- Creating contrast, showing something is more or less advantageous
• Superlatives


  Words with ...est / st suffixes: best, fastest, meanest
• Superlatives


  • Effects: Generate desire, trust, sense of competition, emphasis on extreme need or urgency
• Imperative sentences


  Commands: you must see this film.
• Simile


  Comparing two things using "like" or "as" (Her hair was like spun gold)
• Metaphor


  Comparing two unlike things without "like" or "as" (Time is money)
• Simile Metaphor


  • Effect: Creating symbolism, visualization, creating connection of concept to audience
• Repetition


  A word, phrase, sentence or idea that is repeated
• Repetition


  • Effects:- Creates sense of parallelism and balance, reinforces key ideas, creates lyrical flow
• Syndetic Listing


  A list which includes conjunctions
• Asyndetic Listing


  A list which uses commas to separate items
• Asyndetic Listing


  • On his return, he was gifted honours, jewels, praise.
• Syndetic Listing Asyndetic Listing

  • Effects- accumulation, conveys passion, frustration, emphasis of quantity
• Meiosis


  Understatement/underexaggeration ("I got a bit wet" when speaker is absolutely soaked)
• Meiosis


  • Effects- subtle, ironic understatement, also comedic