science exam

• Endocrine System


  Made of glands that make hormones, chemical messengers in the body
• Major glands


  • hypothalamus
  • pituitary
  • thyroid
  • testes
  • parathyroid
  • ovaries
  • adrenal
  • pineal body
  • pancreas
• Hypothalamus


  • In the brain, controls sleep, temperature, mood, appetite, connects endocrine to nervous system
• Pituitary Gland


  • In the brain, makes growth hormone, called the master gland, size of a pea, controls many glands
• Thyroid Gland


  • In the neck, shaped like a butterfly, controls the body's calcium and phosphorus balance
• Adrenal Glands


  • On each kidney, make cortisol, the stress hormone
• Pancreas


  • Behind the stomach, makes insulin, controls the level of glucose
• Testes


  • Produce testosterone, changes in puberty
• Parathyroid


  • 4 tiny glands in the neck, control the body's calcium
• Pineal Body


  • In the brain, makes melatonin that controls the sleep cycle
• Female Reproductive System


  • Fallopian tubes
  • Uterus
  • Vulva
  • Ovaries
  • Vagina
• Male Reproductive System


  • Urethra
  • Epididymis
  • Penis
  • Testes
• Gametes


  Egg cell and sperm
• Gonads


  Testes and ovaries
• Life cycle


  Describes the life of a living being from when it is born to when it grows up, including all the changes during this time
• Stages of human life cycle

  • Newborn
  • Baby
  • Toddler
  • Child
  • Teenager-adolescence
  • Young adult
  • Middle age adult
  • Elderly/old age
• Newborn


  • Recently born child
  • From birth to 28 days old
  • Sleeps most of the time
  • Drinks mother's milk or formula every 2 hours
• Baby


  • From 1 month to 12 months old
  • Babies rely on adults to take care of them
  • 6 months old, babies begin to crawl
  • 4 months old start tasting food
• Toddler


  • Child who is just beginning to walk
  • From 1 to 3 years old
  • Teeth start to grow
  • Start learning to talk
  • Start learning to eat lots of food and feed themselves
  • Learn how to use bathroom
• Child


  • Talks, walks, goes to preschool, and school
  • Loves to play and make friends, very curious
  • Learns to read, write, count, ride bike, swim, skate
• Teenager-adolescence


  • From 13 to 19 years old
  • Goes to high school
  • Social life is very important
  • Go through a lot of emotional and physical changes
  • Bodies change a lot because of hormones
  • Eat a lot and sleep a lot
  • Grumpy at times
• Young adult


  • From 20 to 41 years old
  • Many young adults have finished school and are working and start family
  • Some have grandchildren
• Middle age adult


  • From 42 to 65 years old
  • White hair, wrinkles, may use glasses
  • May have grandchildren
• Elderly/old age


  • After 65 years old
  • No longer works, retired
  • Most have grandchildren
  • White hair, wrinkles, use glasses
• child

  • 3 to 12 years old
  • teeth start to grow
  • start learning to talk
  • start learning to eat lots of foods and feed themselves
  • learn to use bathroom