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Teoria Elementar dos Conjuntos
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Katharina Martins
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O símbolo c de contém sempre aponta para o
maior
conjunto.
Ex.: A c B (A está contido em B, ou, B contém A)
Conjunto
potência
, ou conjunto das
partes
, é formado por todos os subconjuntos possíveis, incluindo o subconjunto vazio.
u -
união
n -
interseção
A n (B u C) = (A n B) u (A n C)
o oposto também é válido
O
complementar
de um conjunto é igual ao conjunto universo menos o próprio conjunto. Ā = U - A
Sobre os complementares:
Ā ū Ē = Ā
n
Ē
A - E = A
n
Ē
A
cardinalidade
dos conjuntos é igual ao número de elementos de um conjunto.
A cardinalidade do conjunto potência é dada por:
n(P(A)) =
2
^{n(A)}
A cardinalidade da união de dois conjuntos é dada por:
n(A u B) = n(A)
+
n(B)
-
n(A n B)
A cardinalidade da união de três conjuntos é dada por:
n(A u B u C) = n(A)
+
n(B)
+
n(C)
-
n(A n B)
-
n(A n C)
-
n(B n C)
+
n(A
n
B
n
C)
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