mathematics

• Arithmetic Sequence


  A sequence in which each term after the first is the sum of the previous term and a constant (called the common difference, d)
• Geometric Sequence


  A sequence in which each term after the first is the constant (called the common ratio, r)
• Equation of a circle


  (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2, where (h, k) is the center and r is the radius
• Central angle


  An angle whose vertex is the center of the circle
• Inscribed angle


  An angle whose vertex is on the circle and whose sides contain chords of the circle
• Angle in a semicircle is a right angle
• Angles subtended by the same arc are equal
• The perpendicular from the center of a circle to a chord bisects the chord
• Permutation


  An arrangement of objects in a specific order
• Combination


  A selection of items without regard to order
• Probability of an event E


  P(E) = Number of favorable outcomes / Total number of outcomes
• Mean


  Average of a set of data
• Median


  Middle value when data is ordered
• Mode


  Most frequently occurring value
• Domain


  The set of all possible input values (x-values) for a function
• Range


  The set of all possible output values (y-values) for a function
• Function


  A relation where each input has exactly one output
• FOIL


  First, Outer, Inner, Last for multiplying binomials
• Graphing Equations


  • Plot points, find intercepts, and understand the shape of the graph (linear, quadratic, etc.)
• Horizontal Asymptote


  y = b where f(x) → b as x → ∞ or -∞
• Determining a Graph


  • Identify the type of function (linear, quadratic, exponential, etc.), find key features such as intercepts, maxima, minima, and asymptotes
• Exponential Function


  f(x) = a^(bx)
• Logarithm


  Inverse of exponential functions
• Quadratic Function


  Standard form: f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c
• a number that can be expressed as the product of two or more factors is called composite.