GOLD BAR

• GOLD BAR | PROCESS

  1. Mining and Extraction

  • Open-pit and underground mining are two of the numerous processes used to extract gold ore from the earth.
  • The gold particles are separated from the rocks around them by crushing and grinding the ore.
• GOLD BAR | PROCESS

  1. Concentration

  • To concentrate the gold, several ways such as flotation, cyanidation, or gravity concentration are applied to the crushed ore.
  • A cyanide solution is used to treat the ore during the cyanidation process, dissolving the gold and creating a gold-cyanide complex.
• GOLD BAR | PROCESS

  1. Extraction

  • The solid waste material is removed from the gold-cyanide combination.
  • After that, processes like zinc precipitation (Merrill-Crowe process) or activated carbon adsorption are used to remove the gold from the mixture.
• GOLD BAR | PROCESS

  1. Refining

  • The extracted gold is refined using several kinds of procedures, such as the Miller process (chlorination) or the Wohlwill process (electrolytic refining).
  • High-purity gold is produced through the Wohlwill method, which involves dissolving gold in an electrolyte solution and plating it onto a cathode.
  • A slag that is skimmed off is formed when impurities are forced into molten gold by the use of chlorine gas in the Miller process.
• GOLD BAR | PROCESS

  1. Melting and Casting

  • At temperatures higher than 1,064°C (1,947°F), the purified gold is melted in an induction furnace.
  • Ingots or bars are created by pouring the molten gold into molds.
  • Available in multiple standard weights, the bars are often 99.5% to 99.99% pure.
• GOLD BAR | PROCESS

  1. Stamping and Assaying

  • Specifications like weight, purity, and the maker's mark are imprinted on the gold bars.
  • Each bar's purity and weight are verified through assay, guaranteeing that it satisfies the necessary requirements.
• GOLD BAR | PROCESS

  1. Storage and Distribution

  • Once completed, the gold bars are kept in safe deposit boxes and can be auctioned or given to jewelers, banks, or investors.
• GOLD BAR | STRUCTURE (PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS)

  • Size: Varies by type, from small gram-sized bars to large kilogram bars (e.g., 1 kg, 6 kg, or 12.4 kg).
  • Shape: Typically rectangular with flat surfaces and slightly tapered sides.
  • Weight: Standard weights include grams (1g, 5g, 10g, 100g) and ounces (1 oz, 10 oz), with larger bars weighing up to 400 troy ounces (approximately 12.4 kg).
• GOLD BAR | STRUCTURE (MARKINGS AND IDENTIFIERS)

  • Assay Mark: This confirms purity and authenticity, often from an accredited assay office.
  • Purity Mark: This shows the gold content, typically expressed as a percentage (e.g., 99.99%).
  • Refiner’s Mark: Logo or name ng refinery na nag-produce ng bar.
  • Serial Number: Unique identifier for tracking and authenticity verification.
  • Weight Stamp: Ito yung nag-iindicate ng precise weight of the bar.
• GOLD BAR | STRUCTURE (CHEMICAL COMPOSITION)

  • Gold Content: Usually ranges from 99.5% to 99.99% pure gold.
  • Trace Metals: Small amounts of other metals like silver or copper may be present as impurities.
• GOLD BAR | PROPERTIES

  • Malleability: Gold can be hammered into thin sheets, ginagawa ‘to for gilding and decorative arts.
  • Ductility: Gold can be drawn into fine wires na pwedeng magamit sa electronics and jewelry.
  • Conductivity: Ito yung excellent electrical conductor, usually essential sa high-end electronics for connectors and circuit boards.
  • Biocompatibility: Safe for medical applications, including dental fillings and certain medical implants.
  • Aesthetic Appeal: Mostly used in luxury goods and fine jewelry.
• GOLD BAR | USES

  Investment and Wealth Storage

  A common investment option, gold bars offer protection from inflation.

  Central Bank Reserves

  So for future use, yung mga gold bars ay kinikeep ng central banks in lieu of their currency reserves.

  Aerospace Technology

  Ang aerospace industry din is ginagamit ang gold sa maraming paraan, katulad ng satellite components and space vehicle circuitry (dahil sa durability and conductive properties nito).
• GOLD BAR | USES

  Jewelry and Art Manufacturing

  • Melting down gold bars can be utilized to create upscale jewelry and creative designs.

  Industrial Applications 

  • Gold is used in electronics, especially in connectors and circuit boards (superior conductivity and ability to withstand corrosion).
• GOLD BAR | USES

  Collateral for Loans

  • Gold bars are often used as collateral for securing loans, given their recognized value and liquidity in financial markets.

  Medical Uses

  • Gold is used in certain medical treatments, such as in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (gold salts) and in dental restorations (crowns and bridges).

  Scientific Research

  • Gold bars can be used in scientific research, experiments due to their stable properties.