Other

• The Silk Road connected the East with the West, allowing trade between Asia and Europe.
• The Silk Road allowed for cultural exchange between different civilizations along its route.
• Europe is a continent found to the west of Asia
• Europe comprises of many regions where different languages are spoken and a variety of cultures exist
• Development of villages into towns and later kingdoms

  1. Groups from the northern part of Europe raided regions to the south

  2. This affected the lives of the people in the villages and towns
• Two great civilizations of Europe were the Romans and the Greeks
• European history is categorized into the medieval period and contemporary period
• Europe is located in the eastern hemisphere
• The continent of Asia is found to the east of Europe
• The Mediterranean Sea is found to the south of Europe
• The Norwegian Sea is found to the north of Europe
• The Atlantic Ocean is found to the west of Europe
• Europe experiences a temperate climate
• As one goes further north, the atmosphere gets colder and the conditions become more severe, especially in Siberia
• There are large areas of uninhabited land in Siberia due to the cold atmosphere
• The climate determines the way of life of the people
• Initially, Europe was inhabited by groups of people or tribes who later became settled
• Today Europe is made up of many nations which speak different languages and practice different cultures
• Greece is located to the south of Europe
• The Mediterranean Sea is to the south of Greece, the Aegean Sea is to the east, and the Ionian Sea is to the west
• The Greeks were a nomadic people who eventually settled permanently in this area and established a powerful civilization
• The Greeks


  • Well known for their architecture, city structure, government, knowledge and culture
• Greece was made up of many cities which were governed in a democratic way
• The people of Greece (except the enslaved) had a say in the governing of their city state as they elected the government
• The Roman civilization began as a small city state (500 BCE) and developed into a large empire by 190 BCE through wars
• The Romans fought the Greeks, the Gauls of the northern regions and the people of north Africa
• The Roman Empire was very well organised and they followed a democratic system of governance
• The Roman Empire


  • Possessed a large army that was well organised which made Rome a formidable force and enabled them to expand their empire
• Roman society was made up of different social classes - nobles, soldiers, artisans, farmers and enslaved individuals
• The Roman Empire's power lasted for approximately 600 years
• Rome


  • Famous for its architecture (forts, villas, aqueducts), drama, literature and art
• Merchant class


  Wealthy group of people in European society who were very powerful
• Commodities


  Goods from the East (Russia, Arabia, India, Persia, China) such as silk cloth, spices and household items (rugs, ornaments, etc)
• Old Silk Route


  Trade route between Europe and the East
• Challenges faced by merchants on the Old Silk Route

  • Not specified
• Merchants from Italy


  Traded across the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea
• Crusades


  Soldiers were taken on merchant ships to the Holy Land, and after the Crusades ended these sailors had established a trade with the East
• Goods or merchandise traded from Europe to the Middle East


  • Not specified
• Goods traded from the Middle East to Europe


  • Not specified
• Sea route from Europe to the East


  Extended from Europe (e.g. the ports in Portugal) in a southerly direction along the Atlantic Ocean around the coast of Africa and then in a northerly direction towards India