A1- Energy Systems

• what process occurs in the muscle sarcoplasm?

  anaerobic glycolysis
• what process occurs in the mitochondria?

  krebs cycle and the electron transport chain
• what does ATP stand for?

  adenosine triphosphate
• what are the components of an aerobic muscle cell?

  • mitochondria - site of aerobic respiration
  • glycogen stores (carbohydrates)
  • sarcoplasm
  • triglycerides stores (fats)
  • nucleus
  • myoglobin - stores + transports oxygen in the muscle
• the aerobic energy system

  A) carbohydrate

  B) slow

  C) fat oxidation

  D) acetyl group

  E) krebs cycle

  F) electrons

  G) electron transport chain

  H) sarcoplasm

  I) mitochondria

  J) mitochondria

  K) 34atp

  L) 2atp

  
• advantages of the aerobic energy system? (5)

  • high atp production per glucose molecule
  • does not fatigue/high endurance
  • can use both carbs and fats as energy source
  • used to replenish pc/glycogen
  • no harmful by products
• disadvantages of the aerobic energy system? (4)

  • slow to produce atp
  • delay due to transport of O2 to muscle
  • can not use pc
  • only good for low intensity activities
• components to an anaerobic muscle cell?

  • glycogen stores
  • phosphocreatine
  • adenosine triphosphate (enough for one maximum contraction)
  • nucleus
  • sarcoplasm
• The atp/pc system

  A) creatine

  B) p

  C) adenosine

  D) energy

  
• what are the advantages of the atp/pc system? (5)

  • produces atp rapidly
  • high intensity activities
  • no oxygen required
  • PC replenish within 2/3 minutes
  • no waste products produced
• What are the disadvatges of the atp/pc system? (3)

  • limited stores of PC in muscle
  • only enough PC for 7-10 secs
  • takes 2/3 mins to replenish
• The anaerobic glycolytic system

  A) glucose

  B) pyruvic acid

  C) lactic acid

  D) 2 atp

  E) PFK

  
• Advantages to the anaerobic glycolytic system? (2)

  • doesn't require oxygen
  • provides energy for high intensity longer duration events, between 30secs - 2 mins
• disadvantages to the anaerobic glycolytic system? (3)

  • only lasts up to 2 mins
  • produces lactic acid as a bi product which can lead to fatigue
  • only produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule
• what factors affect lactic acid accumulation? (4)

  • Exercise intensity -> high intensity exercise= anaerobic
  • muscle fibre type -> fast twitch fibre = anaerobic
  • level of fitness -> poor fitness = lactic acid accumulation
  • rate of removal -> buffering capacity
  • respiratory exchange ratio

  -1.0= 100x carbohydrates=anaerobic , 0.7=100x fats = aerobic