central dogma and mutation

• replication - process where dna copies itself
• transcription - mRNA is synthesized based on dna template
• gene to mRNA to amino acid t protein
• translation - mRNA code is decoded for assembling proteins using amino acids
• deletion - breakage, lost
• inversion - breaks off, flips around backwards, segment

  reattaches
• duplication - part is repeated
• insertion - new sequence inserted into the gene
• translocation - transferred to different chromosome
• nondisjunction - failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis
• point mutation - includes the deletion, insertion, or substitution of ONE

  nucleotide in a gene
• frameshift mutations - inserting or deleting one or more nucleotides, proteins are built incorrectly