REVEIW PT.2

• HR diagram


  • x= temperature y= luminosity
  • hot= blue cold= red
• Main parts of the sun

  • Sunspots
  • Prominences
  • Solar flares
  • Coronal mass ejections
• Galaxy Types


  • spiral
  • barred spiral
  • elliptical
  • irregular
• Milky way structure


  • Nucleus
  • Central bulge
  • Disk
  • Spiral arms
  • Spherical component
  • Halo
• Spectral analysis


  Motions of celestial objects by examining light emission or absorption
• Moon phases


  • New moon
  • Waxing crescent
  • First quarter
  • waxing gibbous
  • Full moon
  • Waning gibbous
  • Last quarter
  • Waning crescent
• Moon Impact on earth

  • Tides
  • Stabilize tilt
  • Length of day
  • Cultural and biological
• Seasons Reason


  Earth's tilt and revolution around sun and earths tilt causes areas to get more or less sun exposure during the year
• Matter


  Anything with mass that takes up space
• Mixtures


  • Homogeneous mixture: same throughout (e.g saltwater)
  • Heterogeneous mixture different parts visible (e.g pizza)
• Pure substances


  • Element: one type of atom can not be broken down (e.g oxygen O)
  • Compound two atoms chemically combined that can be broken down (e.g water H2o)
• Physical properties


  • Color
  • Density
  • Melting Point
  • Boiling Point
  • Solubility
  • Conductivity
  • Malleability
  • Ductility
  • Hardness
  • Odor
• Chemical properties


  • Flammability
  • Reactivity
  • Corrosiveness
  • Toxicity
  • Acidity
  • Oxidation/Reduction Potential
  • Stability
• Physical change


  • Change in state (solid liquid gas)
  • Change in shape/size
  • Change in appearance
  • No new substance is created, chemical composition remains the same
• Chemical change


  • Color change
  • Release of gas
  • Change of chemical composition
  • Chemical reaction occurs and is irreversible
• Properties of groups


  • Atomic size
  • Ionization energy
  • Electronegativity
  • Reactivity
  • Chemical composition
• Groups


  • alkali metals (group 1)
  • Alkaline earth metals (group 2)
  • Transition metals (group 3-12)
  • Halogens (group 17)
  • Noble gasses (group 18)
• Ionic compounds


  Pure substances made of a metal and a non-metal
• Molecular compound


  A pure substance formed when non-metals chemically combine
• Nucleas: electricity
• Nebula: astronomy