Nervous System

• Stimulus


  A change that triggers a response
• Neuron


  A specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses.
• Cell body


  The part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and other organelles.
• Dendrite


  A branching extension of a neuron that receives signals from other neurons.
• Axon


  A long, extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.
• Myelin sheath


  A fat that surrounds the axon of some neurons and helps to speed up the transmission of nerve impulses.
• Axon terminal


  The end of an axon where neurotransmitters are released.
• Receptor


  A protein molecule that detects and responds to stimuli (on cell membrane or in cell)
• Neurotransmitter


  A substance released by a neuron that transmits a signal to another neuron or target cell.
• Sensory neuron


  transmits sensory information from sensory receptors to the CNS
• Motor neuron


  transmits motor signals from the CNS to muscles or glands.
• Interneuron


  connects sensory and motor neurons in the CNS and plays a role in reflexes and complex behaviour.
• Reflex arc


  in involuntary movement, involving a sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron.
• Central nervous system


  made up of the brain and spinal cord and it receives information from all over the body, processes it and sends a response. controls all body systems
• Peripheral nervous system


  it is made up of nervous that carry messages to and from the CNS and is responsible for transmitting sensory and motor signals.
• Nervous system


  communication network that controls all systems in the body.