Verbals

• it has properties of a noun and a verb. it ends with "-ing"?


  gerund
• types of gerunds?

  apposition, subject, predicate noun, direct object
• it goes first in the sentence. It is the subject of the sentence. It is the noun that is being discussed.


  subject
• you can determine it if the sentence has two commas and one period.

  e.g: my habit, eating, keeps my stomach full

  apposition
• it is usually present at the end of the sentence.

  e.g: her current occupation is studying.

  ( studying as the PREDICATE, as it is at the end of the sentence )

  predicate noun
• it answers the questions "what" "who" etc. there are two verbs present, but to determine the kind of gerund, it has to answer the WH questions

  e.g: i like drinking orange juice.

  ( answers the question "what do you like drinking?" which is; orange juice. )

  direct object
• it starts with the word "TO", accompanied by a VERB and an ADVERB beside it

  e.g: I want TO GO to the mall.

  infinitive
• it is a verb that is used as an adjective

  • both in past or present tense


  participle
• present participle -"ing"

  past participle - "-ed"
• Hiking or mountain climbing might be a good exercise for you, uncle.

  gerund (subject)
• Economics is an ever-expanding field of study

  present participles
• We drove to the mall to buy our new surround sound system

  Infinitive
• breaking the light barrier is simply not possible

  gerund
• "overwhelmed by the menu choices", i just closed my eyes and pointed with my finger

  gerund
• they have closed the cafeteria to repair a broken steam table

  infinitive
• passing this quiz with a good grade would make me happy

  gerund
• the dancing teens cheered excitedly

  participle
• i don't like crying in public unless i'm getting paid for it

  gerund, direct object
• i don't like to cry in public unless i'm getting paid for it

  infinitive
• it is not enough to succeed. others must fail.

  infinitive
• suceeding is not enough, others must fail.

  gerund
• the flag waving in the wind is inspirational

  gerund
• the politician's broken promises are all the voters remembered

  participle
• The thief arrested for the robbery shot at the security guard.

  particple
• They are sure the extra planning will make a difference in the end.

  gerund
• Jamal's confusing message did nothing to solve the mystery.

  participle
• Godzilla made a game of smashing all of the red cars parked near the lake.

  gerund
• Billy refused to accept the idea that his birthday cake was gone.

  infinitive
• While playing the tuba, Orin felt as if his world was perfect.

  gerund
• The show offers everyone a chance to be a millionaire.

  infinitive
• Samuel decided that missing the lecture every day was hurting his grade.

  gerund