PA LESSON 5

• Test


  Measuring device or procedure
• Psychological test


  • Device or procedure designed to measure variables related to psychology
• Types of psychological tests

  • Ability or maximal performance test
  • Typical performance test
  • Personal test
• Ability or maximal performance test


  Assesses what a person can do
• Achievement test


  Measurement of the previous learning
• Aptitude


  Refers to the potential for learning or acquiring a specific skill
• Intelligence


  Refers to a person's general potential to solve problems, adapt to changing environments, abstract thinking, and profit from experience
• There is considerable overlap of achievement, aptitude, and intelligence tests in measuring human ability
• Typical performance test


  Measures usual or habitual thoughts, feelings, and behavior
• Types of personal tests

  • Structured personality tests
  • Projective personality tests
  • Attitude test
  • Interest inventories
• Structured personality tests


  Provide statements, usually self-report, and require the subject to choose between two or more alternative responses
• Projective personality tests


  Unstructured, and the stimulus or response are ambiguous
• Attitude test


  Elicit personal beliefs and opinions
• Interest inventories


  Measure likes and dislikes as well as one's personality orientation towards the world of work
• Purpose of tests: for evaluation, drawing conclusions of some aspects of the behavior of a person, therapy, decision-making
• Settings where tests are used

  • Industrial
  • Clinical
  • Educational
  • Counseling
  • Business
  • Courts
  • Research
• Parties involved in testing

  • Test developers
  • Test publishers
  • Test reviewers
  • Test users
  • Test takers
  • Society
• Levels of tests


  • Level A: Anyone under a direction of a supervisor or consultant
  • Level B: Psychometricians and psychologists only
  • Level C: Psychologists only
• Interview


  Method of gathering information through direct communication involving reciprocal exchange
• Types of interviews


  • Structured
  • Unstructured
  • Semi-structured
  • Non-directive
• Portfolio


  Samples of one's ability and accomplishment
• Case history data


  Records, transcripts, and other accounts in written, pictorial, or other form that preserve archival information, official and informal accounts, and other data and items relevant to an assessee
• Behavioral observation


  Monitoring of actions of others or oneself by visual or electronic means while recording quantitative and/or qualitative information regarding those actions
• Naturalistic observation


  Observe humans in natural setting
• Role play


  Acting an improvised or partially improvised part in a stimulated situation
• Computers


  Using technology to assess a client, thus, can serve as test administrators and very efficient test scorers
• Other assessment methods


  • Videos
  • Biofeedback devices
• Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale 5th Ed. (SB-5)

  Intelligence test for ages 2 to 85, individually administered, norm-referenced, measures verbal, nonverbal, and full scale IQ, based on Cattell-Horn-Carroll model of general intellectual ability
• Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WAIS-IV, WPPSI-IV, WISC-V)

  Intelligence tests for different age groups, individually administered, norm-referenced, addresses weaknesses in Stanford-Binet, can also assess functioning in people with brain injury
• Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM)


  Nonverbal test to measure general intelligence and abstract reasoning, group test, IRT-based
• Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT)


  Nonverbal instrument to measure analytical and reasoning ability in abstract and novel situations, designed to reduce cultural influence
• Purdue Non-Language Test


  Designed to measure mental ability using geometric forms, culture-fair, self-administering
• Panukat ng Katalinuhang Pilipino

  Used for screening, classifying, and identifying needs to enhance learning, also used as predictors of occupational achievement and to determine capacity for degree programs, subtests include vocabulary, analogy, numerical ability, and nonverbal ability
• Wonderlic personnel test (WPT)


  Assesses cognitive ability and problem-solving aptitude of prospective employees, multiple choice, answered in 12 minutes
• Armed services vocational aptitude battery

  Most widely used aptitude test in US, multiple-aptitude battery that measures developed abilities and helps predict future academic and occupational success in the military
• Kaufman assessment battery for children - II (KABC-II)


  Assesses cognitive development in children aged 13 to 18
• Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI-2)


  Intended for use with both clinical and normal populations to identify sources of maladjustment and personal strengths, helps in diagnosing mental health disorders, should be administered to someone with no guilt feelings for creating a crime
• MMPI-2 clinical scales


  • Hypochondriasis
  • Depression
  • Hysteria
  • Psychopathic deviate
  • Masculinity/femininity
  • Paranoia
  • Psychasthenia
  • Schizophrenia
  • Hypomania
  • Social introversion
• MMPI-2 validity scales


  Lie scale (L scale), Infrequency scale (F scale), Superlative self-presentation scale (S scale), Correction scale (K scale), "Cannot say" (CNS) scale, True response inconsistency (TRIN), Varied response inconsistency (VRIN), Infrequency-psychopathology scale (Fp), Symptom validity scale (FBS), Back page infrequency (Fb)
• Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

  Self-report inventory designed to identify a person's personality type, strengths, and preferences, measures extraversion-introversion, sensing-intuition, thinking-feeling, and judging-perceiving