Common Colds

• Located in the upper respiratory tract
• Caused by either Rhinovirus or Adenovirus
• Identifying symptoms are : Rhinorrhoea, Sneezing, Coughing and Congestion
• Coughs are normally dry and tickly
• Mucus from nose is clear and watery
• Sore throats, head and earache, shivering and sweating can also occur
• Most colds resolve within a week
• 25% of people experience a cold for over 14 days
• No treatment however medication can help with symptoms
• Painkillers can be used to treat headaches and body aches alongside a temperature.
• Lemsip contains paracetamol and phenylephrine therefore cannot be given to under 16 year olds, must not be taking any other decongestants or painkillers
• Decongestants can only be given to 12 years and older
• Salt nasal sprays can be used in under 12 years
• Night nurse can be given to over 16 years
• Decongestants: Phenylephrine, Pseudoephedrine and Xylometazoline
• Decongestant sprays no more than a week, tablets 4 days
• Antihistamines can help with runny nose and watery eyes however some may cause drowsiness e.g Loratadine, Cetirizine
• Lozenges can contain Lidocaine, Benzocaine, Flurbiprofen or non medicated demulcents like glycerol
• Flurbiprofen lozenges only for over 12 years
• Pregnant people and young children may have demulcents like glycerol or warm lemon and honey drinks
• Vitamin C may reduce tiredness and fatigue
• No decongestants in people with high blood pressure or heart conditions