LG

• Local government


  Grass-root in the government hierarchy in Malaysia<|>Position of LG is stated in the Federal Constitution<|>All local authorities outside Federal Territories are directly under the exclusive jurisdiction of States government<|>State government have wide powers to control local authorities
• Local government (Malay)


  Kerajaan tempatan or pihak berkuasa tempatan (PBT)
• Position of local government

  Lowest level in the system of government in Malaysia—after federal and state
• Role of federal Ministry of Housing and Local Government

  Co-ordinating and standardising the practices of local governments across the country
• Types of local governments in Malaysia

  • City - City Hall (Dewan Bandaraya) or City Council (Majlis Bandaraya)
  • Municipality - Municipal Council (Majlis Perbandaran)
  • Rural area - District Council (Majlis Daerah)
  • Special and modified local council - Corporation, Development Board, Development Authority or simply Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan
• Definition of local government

  Local government is a subsystem operating within or among a number of other subsystem. Higher government gave its one body to handle on local issues that represent the power whether from federal government or state government, which has limited autonomy in terms of financial and administration, have power to sue and be sued by others and have legal property
• Local government


  • Representing the 3rd tier in federal structure
  • Administered by state nominated councilors
  • Geographically encompassing a portion of the country
  • It is infra-sovereign
  • Subordinate and subject to the control of the state (limited of financial and administration issues)
  • It is separate legal unit/entity from higher government or other local authorities
  • Has power to sue and be sues
  • Provide obligatory and discretionary to provide goods and services
• Features/characteristics of local government

  • LG has its own territory whereby the border is officially recognized by the law
  • LG has its own population and is responsible to develop the are for the benefits of the locals in that area
  • LG is an institution which is established under special law and superior government controls it
  • LG carried out the function by following the law – they can sue and be sued, have properties and can sign agreement & contracts
  • It is infra-sovereign, means that it has limited power and duty and it is not supreme
  • It is a separate legal entity, although it is part of the government but LG is considered as independent body
  • Representatives are either appointed by higher authority or elected by local people
  • Yang di Pertua works together with council member and is elected by the State Government
  • LG carry out functions such as cleanliness servives, health services and security
  • LG's powers are to impose tax, penalty to those who disobey the orders, appoint staff and has autonomy in terms of financial administration of its body
• Objectives of local government

  • National Unity
  • Democracy
  • Freedom and autonomy
  • Effectiveness and efficiency of the administration
  • Social and economic development
• Ensuring national unity through local government

  1. Ensuring all people is treated fairly

  2. LG programs and activities can be used to promote people to take part in local affairs

  3. District officer acts as mediator between local people and higher administration – promote and increase unity among people such as giving equal rights for all races to facilities, hospitals and clinics, schools, lamp post, roads, drainage, culverts etc
• Promoting democracy through local government

  1. It gives opportunities for citizen to participate in local issues especially in term of development project and socio economic

  2. Promoting liberty through disperse of power from central government and delivery of system by State Government to Local Government

  3. Based on opinion of the majority
• Freedom and autonomy of local government

  LG's jurisdiction is restricted to administration, finance and personnel<|>LG's final decision is subject to approval of State Government<|>Financial autonomy – impose tax, collect, maintain and spend the revenue<|>Administration autonomy – appointment and termination of staff
• Effectiveness and efficiency of local government administration

  It refers to delivery of system in order to meet the demand and needs of the local people in terms of providing goods and services e.g. cleanliness, safety and health, facilities, roads etc
• Social and economic development role of local government

  LG can actively involved in the social and economic development of the area but it needs to obtain approval from the State Government<|>May obtain funds from State Government or Federal Government to achieve the purpose
• Functions of local government

  • Environment
  • Social
  • Public
  • Security
• Environmental functions of local government

  To provide road service, traffic control, lamp post, recreational park, drainage and culvert system, flood control
• Social functions of local government

  1. To provide cleanliness activities – housing garbage collection, industrial, sewerage, sanitation etc

  2. Education facilities

  3. Health facilities – control of pets and pest

  4. Others – shelter for the handicap, welfare house for old folks, housing area etc
• Public service functions of local government

  1. To provide bus stand, car park, town hall, gymnasium, badminton courts, community halls or sport centers

  2. Buildings become assets of LG

  3. Fees and charges may be collected
• Security functions of local government

  Focuses on police station, fire station, public nuisance etc
• Criteria to determine the size and boundary of local authority