Disaster Risk Reduction Management

• DISASTER


  A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society at any scale due to hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability, and capacity, leading to one or more of the following: human, material, economic, and environmental losses and impacts.
• When does Disaster happen?

  happens when a hazard impacts vulnerable populations
• Components of Disaster Risk

  1. Hazard
  2. Vulnerability
  3. Exposure
• HAZARD


  potential occurrence of a natural or human-induced physical event that may cause adverse effects on a given area
• EXPOSURE

  • inventory of elements in an area wherein hazards may occur
  • people and economic activities that are exposed to hazard
• VULNERABILITY

  • susceptibility of exposed elements
  • deals with sensitivity and lack of capacities and resilience of those exposed to cope with hazards and respond to potential disasters
• RISK

  HAZARDS X EXPOSURE X VULNERABILITY
• What’s wrong with using the term “Natural Disaster”?

  • It ignores that humans have a role in disaster
  • It presumes the event is inevitable and that our ability to prevent it is minimal
  • It removes the social, political, environmental, and economic context from disaster narratives, ignoring the existing social injustices
• What determines a disaster?


  The location of a natural hazard determines whether or not it is a disaster
• • Hazards are natural and unavoidable, but their impact on society is not
  • Disasters are actually a result of the choices we make
• Factors that define whether a disaster occurs as a result of a natural hazard:

  • living conditions and poverty
  • government capacity to prepare and respond
  • process of rebuilding and how efficient that would be
• Disasters and Climate Change

  • Disasters aren’t natural and so is climate change
  • Our changing climate is intensifying major weather events such as droughts, hurricanes, and wildfires. These extreme events frequently occur in countries with high poverty levels
  • While we assist vulnerable communities in recovering after disasters, the climate crisis exacerbates these already difficult situations
• The worldwide reliance on fossil fuels, insufficient international cooperation to support developing countries and their health systems, environmental degradation, unplanned urbanization, and rampant poverty are all contributing to the increasing frequency and intensity of disaster events
• Disaster Risk Reduction

  • starts with risk assessment
  • application of disaster risk reduction policies and strategies to prevent new disaster risk
  • reduce existing disaster risk and manage residual risk
  • contributing to the strengthening of resilience and reduction of disaster losses
• REDUCE EXPOSURE


  vulnerable population and sectors to climate-related hazards
• REDUCE VULNERABILITY

  • enhancing their adaptive capacity
  • preparedness measures
  • resilient livelihoods
• ADAPTATION


  Actions to reduce vulnerability to climate change and adapting to life in a changing climate
• MITIGATION


  Actions to reduce and curb greenhouse emissions and stabilizing the levels of heat-trapping greenhouse gases in the atmosphere