Bioenegetics

• Photosynthesis


  A process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy, resulting in glucose and oxygen production.
• What do plants convert glucose into

  Starch, fats and oils for storage
• What type of reaction is photosynthesis

  Endothermic
• What affects rate of photosynthesis

  Temperature, co2 concentration, light intensity, amount of chlorophyll
• Why does rate of photosynthesis decrease when temperature gets too high

  Enzymes denature so photosynthesis slows down
• Uses of glucose

  respiration, storage, produce cellulose for cell walls, produce amino acids
• Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?

  In chlorophyll and chloroplasts
• What is the role of light in photosynthesis?

  It provides energy for the reaction
• What type of reaction is photosynthesis?

  Endothermic reaction
• What is glucose used for in plants?

  For respiration, starch, or fat storage
• What is cellulose used for in plants?

  To produce cell walls
• How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  Higher temperature increases the rate until denaturing
• What can limit the rate of photosynthesis?

  Light intensity, temperature, or CO2 concentration
• What happens if there is plenty of CO2 and warmth but not enough light?

  The rate of photosynthesis will be limited
• What does a plateau in a photosynthesis graph indicate?

  The limiting factor has been reached
• How can we measure the rate of photosynthesis practically?

  By measuring oxygen produced from pondweed
• What is the independent variable in the photosynthesis experiment?

  Light intensity
• How does light intensity change with distance?

  It follows an inverse square relationship
• What organelle is responsible for respiration in cells?

  Mitochondria
• What is aerobic respiration?

  Respiration that occurs with oxygen
• What is produced during anaerobic respiration in muscles?

  Lactic acid
• What is oxygen debt?

  More oxygen needed to break down lactic acid
• What do plant and yeast cells produce during anaerobic respiration?

  Ethanol and carbon dioxide
• What is fermentation?

  Process of anaerobic respiration in yeast
• What is metabolism?

  • Sum of all reactions in a cell or organism
  • Includes respiration and conversion of glucose
  • Involves synthesis of proteins and lipids
• What can glucose be converted into in plants?

  Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and amino acids
• What is produced from the breakdown of excess proteins?

  Urea