physics

• Wave


  A disturbance in space
• Crest


  • The highest point in a wave
• Trough


  • The lowest point in a wave
• Amplitude


  The distance from the midpoint to the highest (or lowest) point of a wave
• Wavelength


  The distance between two successive identical parts of a wave
• Frequency


  The number of waves produced in one second
• Range


  The extent or the limits between which variation is possible
• Spectrum


  A continuous range of electromagnetic radiation waves
• Electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all types of EM radiation
• EM radiation is an electric and magnetic disturbance traveling through space at the speed of light (3 × 10^8 m/s)
• EM radiation contains neither mass nor charge but travels in packets of radiant energy called photons
• Electromagnetic Spectrum

  • Infrared
  • Visible
  • Ultraviolet
  • X-rays
  • Gamma
• Wavelength


  The distance between crest to crest or trough to trough. EM waves are bounded at different ranges
• Frequency


  The number of oscillations of a wave per unit time, measured in hertz (Hz)
• The speed of light, frequency, and wavelength can all be expressed in an equation
• Calculating wave speed

  Wavelength x Frequency = Speed
• Calculating wavelength

  Speed / Frequency = Wavelength
• Calculating frequency

  Speed / Wavelength = Frequency
• Wavelength and frequency


  Shorter wavelengths and higher frequency correspond with greater energy. Longer wavelengths and lower frequency result in lower energy
• Types of Electromagnetic Radiation

  • Radio waves
  • Microwaves
  • Infrared
  • Visible Light
  • Ultraviolet
  • X-Radiation
  • Gamma Radiation
• Radio waves


  Long wavelengths and low frequencies, used for broadcasting music, news, and other information
• Microwaves


  longer wavelengths and lower frequencies, used in microwave ovens and for communication like cell phones and Wi-Fi
• Infrared radiation


  Longer wavelengths than visible light, sometimes called "heat radiation", used in devices like TV remote controls and thermal cameras
• Visible light


  The type of electromagnetic radiation that allows us to see the world, comes in different colors with different wavelengths
• Ultraviolet radiation


  Shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than visible light, comes from the sun and can be harmful to skin and eyes
• 1. rays


  Even shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than UV, can pass through bodies and are used in medical imaging
• Gamma rays


  Shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies, produced during nuclear reactions and can be very harmful, used to treat cancer
• scalar


  -distance, speed, energy, pressure, mass
• Vector


  displacement, velocity, force, acceleration
• radio waves


  Electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies
• gamma rays


  Electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies
• potencial energy


  when an object is placed in a higher position what increases?
• seconds


  basic unit of time
• kilograms


  base unit for mass
• meter


  the base unit of length is
• Kelvin


  SI unit for temperature
• newton


  unit of force
• scalar


  A physical quantity that has magnitude only.
• vector


  A quantity that has magnitude and direction
• law of motion


  isaac newtons three extremely important laws