socsci 102 week 11

• Stratification


  The arrangement or classification of something into different groups
• Wealth


  The main symbol of social stratification
• Income-based social stratification in the Philippines


  • Poor: P 11,690 and below
  • Low income (not poor): P 11,690- 23,381
  • Lower middle income: P 23,381-46,761
  • Middle (middle) class: P 46,761-81,832
  • Upper middle class: P 81,832-140,284
  • Upper income (not rich): P 140,284- 233,806
  • Rich: P 233,807- above
• Global stratification


  The hierarchical arrangement of individuals and groups in societies around the world, determined by global inequality and unequal distribution of resources
• Examples of global stratification


  • Ranking of top 10 most technologically innovative countries
  • 8 wonders of the world
  • Most beautiful countries to visit in 2021
• In the context of globalization, some countries develop faster than others and some are just literally left behind
• Modernization theory


  Theory that explains the underdevelopment of countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America primarily in terms of cultural 'barriers' to development
• Modernization theory


  • Favored a capitalist-industrial model of development
  • Believed that capitalism (the free market) encouraged efficient production through industrialization
• Industrialization


  Production taking place in factories rather than in the home or small workshops, large scale production
• Capitalism


  A system where private money is invested in the industry in order to make a profit and goods are produced and are for sale in the market place rather than for private consumption
• Subsistence systems


  Where local communities produce what they need and goods produced for sale are kept to a minimum
• Communism


  Where a central authority decides what should be produced rather than consumer demand and desire for profit, need drives production