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• Relax your brain and other parts of your body


  Things like taking a bath, brushing your teeth
• Keep warm after bath


  Stand or walk around after a meal
• Take a short afternoon nap


  Avoid if you have fever, indolence, headache and chest cold
• Characterized by great scientific outburst and gradual release from traditionalism. The period where public health was developed.

  Renaissance (1500-1750)
• Factors that contributed to the foundations of health education

  • Rise of middle class
  • Growth of the state
  • Technological progress
  • Growth and spread of sciences in various fields
  • Rise of universities and seats of learning
  • Growth of literature and the writings of philosophers like Bacon and Rene Descartes
• Francis Bacon


  An English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist and author. Served both as attorney general and lord chancellor of England. Philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution.
• Rene Descartes


  A French philosopher, mathematician, and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. Dubbed the "father of modern philosophy".
• There was increasing use of the experimental method with such men like Vesalius, Harvey, Fracastoro, and others and their increasing tendency to individualize disease entities on the basis of clinical observation.
• The possibility of applying scientific knowledge to the needs of the community was given ideological form.
• Andreas Vesalius


  Flemish anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De Humani Corporis Fabrica (On the Structure of the Human Body). Founder of modern human anatomy.
• Girolamo Fracastoro


  Italian physician, poet, and scholar in mathematics, geography and astronomy. Subscribed to the philosophy of atomism, and rejected appeals to hidden causes in scientific investigation.
• Culture became more widely diffused because of the invention of printing, visual media (calendar), thus culture was spread by word of mouth.
• Charlatans


  A person who pretends to have a knowledge or skill that he does not possess, especially medical knowledge. Served as a medium of dissemination for health information.
• Extension of the scientific advances of the previous century. There was acceptance of the supreme value of intelligence and recognition that social progress could be made effective only when there was informed public opinion.

  Age of Enlightenment and Reason (1750-1830)
• Groups that influenced the health education movement

  • Legislators & social workers (Howard, Pestalozzi and Florence Nightingale)
  • Medical men (Jenner, Frank, Chadwick, Pasteur, Lister and Koch)
• Louis Pasteur


  French chemist and microbiologist. Remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases. His discoveries reduced mortality from puerperal fever, and he created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax. His experiments supported the germ theory of disease. Best known for inventing pasteurization.
• Robert Koch

  German physician. Famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis, the tuberculosis bacillus and Vibrio cholerae. Developed Koch's postulates. Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905 for his tuberculosis findings. Considered one of the founders of microbiology.
• Writers who portrayed social conditions and aroused public opinion

  • Rosseau
  • Dickens
  • Hugo
  • Stowe
• Characteristics of health education during the earlier periods

  • Based on authority and tradition - its sources were the classical, medical authors, empirical knowledge and folklore
  • Closely linked to literacy of the people - as more people learned to read, more health literature was produced for them
  • The audience for health literature was affected by the rise of new social and political orders like the middle class - books, manuals and articles in periodicals on child rearing were read for guidance by both the upper and middle class parents as well as the working class parents