HE | DAY 1-4 | 2

• Health education


  An art that draws upon the scientific knowledge amassed in the pursuit of numerous sciences (medicine and its allied sciences - biology, psychology, social sciences and many practical arts)
• Health education


  The analysis (science) and synthesis (philosophy) of this knowledge constitute the materials out of which health education of the individual and community emerges
• Health education is dynamic and has been affected by scientific, political, social, economic, artistic, philosophical changes of the times
• Cato the Censor


  Practiced medicine under the guidance of a commentarium or a medical cookbook which contained a large range of prescriptions
• Cornelius Celsus


  Wrote the treatise De Medicina which set out pharmacopeia, rules for dealing with wounds and injuries, guidance on bathing, diet, drinking, exercise and discuss diagnosis and treatment of many of the major diseases
• Contents of De Medicina by Cornelius Celsus

  • Book I - Diet, hygiene, and the benefits of exercise
  • Book II - The cause of disease, its symptoms and prognosis
  • Book III - Treatment of diseases, including the common cold and pneumonia
  • Book IV - Anatomical descriptions of selected diseases
  • Book V - Medicines, including opiates, diuretics, purgatives and laxatives
  • Book VI - Ulcers, skin lesions and diseases
  • Book VII - Classical operations, such as lithotomy and removal of cataracts
  • Book VIII - Treatment of dislocations and fractures
• Eating the flesh of unclean animals was forbidden
• Disease


  Expression of the wrath of the evil spirits
• Cleanliness


  Practiced as next to godliness which was more for religious purposes than hygienic purposes
• Hygeia

  The legendary daughter of Aesculapius, the god of healing, became goddess of health
• General assumption: Healers knew enough and that a man who adhered to hygienic modes of life, can attain long life
• Greek writings on health

  • Hippocratic Corpus (Hippocratic Canon)
  • Aphorisms
• Aphorism


  A short, pithy statement expressing a general truth or observation
• Aphorism


  • "Those who are attacked by tetanus either die in 4 days, or if they survived, recover."
• Regimen in Health

  A work of 2,000 words giving an outline of the main rules for eating and drinking either to get fat or to become thin
• Child care


  Infants should be washed in warm water for a long time and be given to drink their wine well diluted and not altogether cold
• The Greek education played a part in the dissemination of knowledge but it was addressed to the small upper class
• Gymnastic exercises were emphasized which included instruction on the care of the body
• Health (to the Greeks)


  A state of being in which the various forces constituting the human body were perfectly balanced
• The attitude towards medicine differed between the Greeks and the Romans
• Cato the Censor


  A knowledge of medicine was regarded as one of the constituents of the Roman country gentlemen and Roman military forces
• Claudius Galen's Hygeia

  A regimen for the young and the old
• In the Middle Ages or the Dark Ages, man's preoccupation was the salvation of soul rather than health for the body
• Christianity has made its contribution in the sphere of mental health due to the emphasis on the soul
• Today, the importance of personality is recognized, the need for love in interpersonal relationship to whatever degree and whatever form of love may be expressed
• The Christian doctrine holds that interpersonal relationships should be regulated by law
• The medieval man had the conviction that by means of correct regimen, one could complete the allotted life span of three scores and ten
• Salernitan Regimen of Health (Regimen Sanitantis Salernitanum)

  Literature on the preservation of health that was gobbled up by the bourgeois, the burghers and artisans
• Salernitan Regimen of Health

  • If you want to be healthy, if you want to remain sound, take away your heavy cares, and refrain from anger, be sparing of undiluted wine, eat little, get up, after eating fine food, avoid afternoon naps, do not retain your urine nor tightly compress your anus. Do these things well, and you shall live a long time.
  • Should you need physicians, these three doctors will suffice: a joyful mind, rest and a moderate diet.
  • In the morning, upon rising, wash your hands and face with cold water; move around awhile and stretch your limbs; comb your hair
• Relax your brain and other parts of your body


  Things like taking a bath, brushing your teeth
• Keep warm after bath


  Stand or walk around after a meal
• Take a short afternoon nap


  Avoid if you have fever, indolence, headache and chest cold
• Characterized by great scientific outburst and gradual release from traditionalism. The period where public health was developed.

  Renaissance (1500-1750)
• Factors that contributed to the foundations of health education

  • Rise of middle class
  • Growth of the state
  • Technological progress
  • Growth and spread of sciences in various fields
  • Rise of universities and seats of learning
  • Growth of literature and the writings of philosophers like Bacon and Rene Descartes
• Francis Bacon


  An English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist and author. Served both as attorney general and lord chancellor of England. Philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution.
• Rene Descartes


  A French philosopher, mathematician, and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. Dubbed the "father of modern philosophy".
• There was increasing use of the experimental method with such men like Vesalius, Harvey, Fracastoro, and others and their increasing tendency to individualize disease entities on the basis of clinical observation.
• The possibility of applying scientific knowledge to the needs of the community was given ideological form.
• Andreas Vesalius


  Flemish anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De Humani Corporis Fabrica (On the Structure of the Human Body). Founder of modern human anatomy.
• Girolamo Fracastoro


  Italian physician, poet, and scholar in mathematics, geography and astronomy. Subscribed to the philosophy of atomism, and rejected appeals to hidden causes in scientific investigation.