An acute infectious disease of the lungs usually caused by the pneumococcus resulting in the consolidation of one or more lobes of either one or both lungs
Etiologic Agents
Streptococcus pneumonia
Staphylococcus aureus
Haemophilus influenzae
Pneumococcus of Friedlander
Incubation Period
2 to 3 days
Mode of Transmission
Droplet infection
Indirect contact (fomites)
Clinical Manifestations
Rhinitis
Chest indrawing
Rusty sputum
Productive cough
High fever
Vomiting
Convulsions
Flushed face
Dilated pupils
Pain over the affected lung
Highly colored urine with reduced chlorides and increased urates
Complications
Emphysema
Endocarditis
Pneumococcal meningitis
Otitis Media
Jaundice
Diagnostic Test
Chest X-ray
Sputum Analysis
Blood/Serologic Exam
Dull percussion note on affected side
Management
1. Bed Rest
2. Adequate salt, fluid, calorie, and vitamin intake
3. Frequent turning from side to side
Prevention and Control
Prevent common colds, influenza and other upper respiratory infections
Immunization with pneumonia vaccine
Eliminate contributory factors such as exposure to cod, pollution, and physical conditions of fatigue and alcoholism