Scientific Methods

• Steps in the Scientific Method

  • Observations
  • Hypothesis
  • Experimentation
  • Conclusion
• Hypothesis


  A possible answer to the question
• Independent variable


  The variable manipulated
• Dependent variable


  The variable being measured to determine its response
• Constants


  All variables that don't change
• Conclusion


  Made on the interpretation of data, may or may not support the hypothesis
• How A Scientist Works

  1. If the data obtained do not support the hypothesis, experiment again or try a new one

  2. If the data obtained support the hypothesis, the Scientist repeats the experiment
• Observation involves collecting data without changing anything in the environment being studied.
• Scientists use the scientific method to gather evidence about the natural world and make predictions based on that evidence.
• The scientific method is the process by which scientists develop hypotheses, test them through experiments or observations, and refine their understanding of the natural world.
• Experiment is an observation with changes made by the scientist.
• A hypothesis is a statement that explains why something happens.
• Scientists use experiments to test hypotheses about how things work.
• A hypothesis is an educated guess made by scientists based on their observations and knowledge of the subject matter.
• Conduction


  Direct transfer of heat energy from one substance to another
• Convection


  Transfer of heat in a fluid (gas or liquid) caused by the unequal heating of the fluid
• Radiation


  Transfer of heat energy in the form of waves through a vacuum
• Cumulus clouds


  • Indicate fair weather
• Stratus clouds


  • Bring light rain and drizzle
• Cirrus clouds


  • Indicate fair weather
• Nimbus clouds


  • Bring rain or snow
• Climate of the Philippines

  1. March-May: Warm dry

  2. June-November: Rainy

  3. December-February: Cool & dry