Body systems

• mechanical digestion by teeth; initial digestion of starch,

  digestive juice:saliva (containing ptyalin)

  mouth
• mechanical and chemical digestion

  digestive juice: gastric juice


  stomach
• chemical digestion; absorption of digested food

  digestive juice: pancreatic juice, intestinal juice bile

  small intestine
• absorption of water

  large intestine
• "soft bone" in ears, nose; makes up skeleton of sharks and very young vertebrates

  cartilage
• binds muscle to bone

  tendons
• bind bone to bone

  ligaments
• to produce and release several hormones that help carry out important bodily functions, including: Growth. Metabolism (how your body transforms and manages the energy from the food you eat)

  hormones:

  • oxytocin
  • prolactin
  • growth hormone

  pituitary gland
• regulate many metabolic processes

  thyroid gland
• controp blood sugar levels

  hormones:

  • insulin
  • glucagon


  pancreas
• emergency reactions

  hormone: adrenaline


  adrenal gland
• male sexual developmeny and functions

  testes
• female sexual development and functions

  ovary
• hormone responsible for milk ejection and contraction of uterus

  oxytocin
• functions mammary gland growth and secretion

  prolactin
• hormine responsible for growth

  growth hormone
• hormone that keep our blood glucose level within the normal range

  insulin
• increasing blood glucose levels

  glucagon
• flight or fight response

  adrenaline
• carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

  artery
• carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart


  vein
• one-cell thick vessels where gas exchange takes place

  capillaries
• PATH OF BLOOD CIRCULATION

  1. left atrium
  2. left ventricle
  3. aorta
  4. arteries
  5. capillaries in target cells
  6. veins
  7. vena cav
  8. right atrium
  9. right ventricle
  10. pulmonary arteries
  11. capillaries in lungs
  12. pulmonary veins
• • central nervous system - brqin and spinal cord, controls all the body
  • peripheral nervous system - nerves outside brain and spinal cord
• emotions and it takes in signals from organs in your hormone (endocrine) system and other areas of your brain and sends hormones to your pituitary gland.


  hypothalamus
• conscious thinking; intelligence

  cerebrum
• body balance

  cerebellum
• the nerve cell

  neuron
• carries away impulses

  axon
• receive impulses

  dendrites
• carries food to the stomach

  esophagus