Human Rights

• Human rights


  Fundamental rights that inherently belong to all individuals simply by virtue of being human
• Human rights


  • They are universal and inalienable
  • They are safeguarded by international human rights law, which lays down obligations for governments to protect and promote these rights
• Right to Life


  • This right ensures that no one, including individuals and governments, can unlawfully take away a person's life
• Right to Equal Treatment Before the Law


  • This right guarantees that individuals must be treated equally and without discrimination under the law
• Right to Privacy


  • The right to privacy protects individuals from arbitrary interference in their private lives, family, home, and communications
• Right to Freedom of Expression


  • This fundamental right allows individuals to express their opinions, thoughts, and beliefs freely without censorship or interference
• Right to Education


  • Every individual has the right to access quality education without discrimination
• Educated Filipinos were already aware of the basic constitutional guarantees mentioned in the American and English Bill of Rights

  1896
• Malolos Constitution was adopted establishing a Republican government contain several provisions on civil political rights, guaranteeing freedom for arbitrary arrest and detention, freedom from searches and seizures, freedom to choose home and freedom of religion


  1899
• Upon assumption of U. S sovereignty over the Philippines, President McKinley directed application of American Bill of Rights through his Instruction to the Philippine Commission

  1901-1934
• The inclusion of a Bill of Rights in these constitutions solidified the protection of fundamental freedoms for Filipino citizens


  1935-1937
• Filipinos were temporarily deprived of the enjoyment of the Civil and Political rights (military rule of Japan)

  1942-1945
• Civil and Political rights of Filipinos restored

  1945
• EDSA revolution - A new resolution was adopted which took effect the following year


  1970's
• The new Constitution categorically states that the state values dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights (Bill of Rights)


  1987
• Types of Human Rights

  • Civil and Political Rights
  • Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights
  • Rights of Specific Groups
  • Collective Rights
• Civil and Political Rights


  • Right to Life
  • Right to Liberty and Security
  • Freedom of Expression
  • Freedom of Assembly
  • Right to a Fair Trial
  • Right to Vote and Participate in Governance
  • Freedom from Torture
• Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

  • Right to Work
  • Right to Education
  • Right to Health
  • Right to Social Security
  • Right to Adequate Housing
  • Right to Food
  • Right to Participate in Cultural Life
• Rights of Specific Groups


  • Women's Rights
  • Children's Rights
  • Indigenous Peoples' Rights
  • Rights of Persons with Disabilities
  • LGBTQ+ Rights
• Collective Rights


  • Right to Self-Determination
  • Right to Development
• Legal Framework in the Philippines

  • 1987 Philippine Constitution
  • Republic Acts and Laws
  • International Treaties
• Enforcement and Protection Mechanisms

  • Commission on Human Rights (CHR)
  • Judiciary
  • Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
• Types of Human Rights Violations and Abuses


  • Civil and Political Rights Violations
  • Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Violations
  • Discrimination
  • Human Trafficking and Exploitation
  • Conflict-Related Abuses
• Civil and Political Rights Violations


  • Arbitrary Detention
  • Torture and Cruel Treatment
  • Extrajudicial Killings
  • Suppression of Free Speech
  • Political Repression
• Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights Violations


  • Child Labor
  • Forced Labor
  • Denial of Education
  • Lack of Access to Healthcare
• Discrimination


  • Racial Discrimination
  • Gender Discrimination
  • Religious Discrimination
  • LGBTQ+ Discrimination
• Human Trafficking and Exploitation


  • Sex Trafficking
  • Labor Trafficking
• Conflict-Related Abuses


  • War Crimes
  • Crimes Against Humanity
  • Genocide
• Legal Documents


  A written instrument that records and formalizes an agreement, obligation, or other legally enforceable act
• Peace Alternative


  Nonviolent conflict resolution, collaborative problem solving, can improve the quality of human relationships and bring about solutions that are constructive, fair and helpful to all parties concerned