weathering & erosion

• Continental Drift Theory proposed by Alfred Wegener
• the Earth was once a giant landmass called Pangaea. This giant landmass was broken down into several continents because of the movement beneath the Earth’s surface.
• Shaping the Earth’s surface involves a geological process called weathering. Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces called sediments.
• Rocks in the highway develop cracks and small fractures because of too much exposure to heat. Mechanical Weathering
• Chemical weathering is a process wherein rock materials are changed into other substances that have different physical and chemical compositions
• Water hydrates and breaks the minerals in the rocks through the process of hydrolysis.
• Oxygen combines with metals to produce oxides
• ·chemical weathering in rocks is when rainwater hydrolyzed the feldspar minerals to form clay minerals.
• Biological weathering is a process when living things, such as insects and roots of the trees, contribute to the disintegration of rock materials.
• Erosion is the transportation of weathered rocks.
• ·       Water erosion is a type of erosion where the water carries the sediments to different parts of the bodies of water such as rivers.
• ·       Wind erosion happens when light materials, such as small rocks and pebbles, are carried by wind to different places.
• Glacial erosion happens when the ice moves downhill and plucks out chunks of rocks and causes scraping between the ice and the rock
• ·       Soil erosion happens when the top soil is removed and leaves the soil infertile. This is caused by wind or flood in an area.
• Deposition is the laying down of sediments to its depositional environment or final destination. The depositional environment can be continental, coastal, or marine.
• • Continental includes streams, swamps, caves, and deserts.
• • Coastal includes lagoons, estuaries, and deltas.
• • Marine includes slopes and bottom of the ocean or abyssal zone.