BASOPHILS

• Which of the following is true about basophils?A)They mature in the tissues.

  B) They circulate in the blood as immature cells.

  C) They are the most numerous white blood cells.

  D) They mature in the bone marrow.

  D) They mature in the bone marrow.
• What percentage of circulating leukocytes are basophils?

  A)0% to 2%

  B) 2% to 5%

  C) 5% to 10%

  D) 10% to 20%

  A)0% to 2%
• Basophil development is influenced primarily by which cytokine?

  A)IL-1

  B) IL-2

  C) IL-3

  D) IL-4

  C) IL-3
• • Which stage of basophil maturation is characterized by round to lobulated nuclei and blue cytoplasm with large blue-black secondary granules?

  1. Mature basophils
  2. Immature basophils
  3. Progenitor cells
  4. Mast cells

  B. Immature basophils
• The life span of a mature basophil is approximately:

  A)12 hours

  B) 24 hours

  C) 36 hours

  D) 60 hours

  D) 60 hours
• Basophils can synthesize granule proteins in response to activation signals. Which of the following is an example of such a protein?

  A)Histamine

  B) Heparin

  C) Granzyme B

  D) Perforin

  C) Granzyme B
• Which of the following is a role of basophils in helminth infections?

  A)Directly killing the helminths

  B) Promoting eosinophilia

  C) Increasing neutrophil count

  D) Reducing macrophage activity

  B) Promoting eosinophilia
• Basophils express which growth factor that contributes to angiogenesis?

  A)Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)

  B) Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)

  C) Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)

  D) Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)

  C) Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
• Basophils have surface receptors for:

  A)IgA

  B) IgD

  C) IgE

  D) IgG

  C) IgE
• Activation of basophils by antigen cross-linking IgE receptors results in:

  A)Phagocytosis

  B) Degranulation

  C) Apoptosis

  D) Differentiation

  B) Degranulation
• Mature basophils typically have a nucleus that is:

  A)Round

  B) Lobulated and often obscured by granules

  C) Segmented with visible filaments

  D) Multilobed

  B) Lobulated and often obscured by granules
• Basophil granules can dissolve during staining due to their:

  A)Protein content

  B) Lipid content

  C) Water solubility

  D) Acidic nature

  C) Water solubility
• Which cytokines do basophils release that regulate the TH2 immune response?

  A)IL-1 and IL-6

  B) IL-2 and IL-12

  C) IL-4 and IL-13

  D) IL-10 and IL-17

  C) IL-4 and IL-13
• Non-specific activation of basophils can be triggered by:

  A)Bacterial toxins

  B) Parasitic antigens, lectins, and viral superantigens

  C) Fungal spores

  D) Plant allergens

  B) Parasitic antigens, lectins, and viral superantigens
• Mast cells mature in:

  A)Bone marrow

  B) Bloodstream

  C) Lymph nodes

  D) Tissues

  D) Tissues
• 1. The percentage of nucleated cells in the bone marrow that are basophils is:
  2. 1% to 2%
  3. 2% to 5%
  4. 5% to 10%
  5. Less than 1%

  D. Less than 1%
• Which of the following roles does VEGF play in basophils?

  A)Promotes phagocytosis

  B) Inhibits apoptosis

  C) Contributes to angiogenesis

  D) Enhances antigen presentation

  C) Contributes to angiogenesis
• What is the role of basophils in tick immunity according to basophil-deficient mouse models?

  A)Basophils have no role in tick immunity.

  B) Basophils are redundant in mediating tick immunity.

  C) Basophils play a nonredundant role in mediating acquired immunity against ticks.

  D) Basophils prevent tick attachment.

  C) Basophils play a nonredundant role in mediating acquired immunity against ticks.
• Which of the following substances is released by basophils upon activation and regulates immune responses in allergic diseases?

  A)Retinoic acid

  B) Histamine

  C) Serotonin

  D) Prostaglandin

  A)Retinoic acid
• Basophils can induce B cells to synthesize which immunoglobulin?

  A)IgA

  B) IgD

  C) IgE

  D) IgG

  C) IgE